| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 政党轨制是古代国度政治轨制的主要构成部门，而政党立轨则是一国政党轨制的司法表现和详细划定。20世纪是世界政党政治充足成长的时代。在此过程中，德国和俄罗斯政党政治的成长具有必定的典范意义。德国在东方国度中素有“政党国度”之称，1967年公布的《政党法》是汗青上第一部对于政党的专门立法，对其他国度的政党立法作用较年夜；俄罗斯是主要的“转型国度”，苏联崩溃后，俄力争树立东方式的政党轨制，2001年公布实行的《政党法》使俄政党政治进一步走上标准化、立法化轨道。从政党法的视角对俄德两国的政党轨制加以比拟研究，对于我们深入熟悉和掌握俄德两国甚至世界政党政治的成长进程，并以此为鉴，进一步完美合适我国国情的政党轨制，无疑具有主要的实际价值和实际意义。文章从《政党法》公布的汗青配景、重要内容，和对政党轨制的作用等三个方面，对俄德两国的政党轨制停止了较为体系的比拟研究。文章以为，德语论文，俄德两国《政党法》公布的汗青配景很不雷同，但都反应出各自国度政党政治成长的内涵请求。德国的《政党法》作为汗青上第一部专门立法，其内容具有首创性和范例性，俄《政党法》在很年夜水平上自创了德国的政党法。但是，两国政党法的内容都表现了掌权的资产阶层政党的好处，其目标都是保护资产阶层的平易近主政治轨制。总的看，两国《政党法》的公布和实行在相当水平上完成了立法者们的初志，都应算是比拟胜利的立法，为两国各具特点的政党轨制奠基了坚实的法制基本。基于对俄德两国政党法及政党轨制的比拟剖析，德语论文题目，作者还对我国的政党立法任务提出了几点建议。 Abstract: The party system is the main part of the ancient kingdom of political system, and political party is a political party in a vertical rail system and the detailed delineation of judicial performance. Twentieth Century is the world political parties adequate growth of the times. In this process, has the model significance of certain political parties in Germany and Russia's growth. Germany in western countries known as the "country party" said, published in 1967, the party law is history first parties on special legislation, is the eve of the political party legislation of other countries; Russia is the main "countries in transition", after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian strive to establish Party rail system east, 2001 announced the implementation of the law on political parties, the Russian party politics further standardization and legalization. From the perspective of political parties in Russia and Germany party rail system comparison research, about our deep understanding and mastery of Russia and Germany even world party politics, the growth process, and take this as a warning, further perfect our country party system undoubtedly has important theory value and practical significance. This article from the "important contents of Party Law" published, historical background, and the three aspects of the political system of political party system in Russia, Germany to carry out more systematic research. The article thinks, Russia and Germany announced the "political parties law" the historical background is not the same, but they reflect the request of their respective countries party politics development connotation. Germany's "party law" as the history of the first special legislation, its content has the initiative and examples of the "law", the Russian political party law from Germany to a large extent. However, the two political parties showed the benefits of the bourgeois political parties in power, the goal is protection asset class of the plain near the main political system. Total, both the party law of publication and implementation in a considerable level completed the lawmakers should count is comparable to the victory of the legislation, to lay the solid legal basis for the track of political parties of the two countries have their own characteristics. Based on the comparative analysis of Russia and Germany political parties and party rail system, the author of China's political party legislation task proposed several suggestions. 目录: 引言 10-13 第一章 俄、德两国《政党法》颁布的历史背景 13-27 1.1 俄罗斯《政党法》颁布的历史背景 13-20 1.1.1 客观方面 13-16 1.1.2 主观方面 16-20 1.2 德国《政党法》颁布的历史背景 20-24 1.2.1 客观方面 20-23 1.2.2 主观方面 23-24 1.3 两国《政党法》颁布历史背景差异之比较 24-27 1.3.1 相同之处 25-26 1.3.2 不同之处 26-27 第二章 俄、德两国《政党法》的基本内容 27-34 2.1 俄罗斯《政党法》的基本内容 27-30 2.1.1 政党的名称、目的和宗旨 28 2.1.2 成立政党的基本条件 28 2.1.3 政党的纲领和章程及活动准则 28-29 2.1.4 政党的权利和义务 29-30 2.1.5 国家对政党的财政支持和监督、中止、取缔 30 2.2 德国《政党法》的基本内容 30-33 2.2.1 政党的一般规定 30-31 2.2.2 政党内部秩序的规定 31-32 2.2.3 政党财务的规定 32-33 2.2.4 对不真实报告采取的程序以及处罚规定 33 2.2.5 对违背宪法的政党的禁令的执行 33 2.3 俄德两国《政党法》基本内容差异之比较 33-34 2.3.1 相同之处 33 2.3.2 不同之处 33-34 2.3.3 综合略论 34 第三章 俄、德两国《政党法》对两国政党制度的作用 34-50 3.1 俄罗斯《政党法》对政党制度的作用 34-41 3.1.1 俄国内各政党开始重新组合 34-36 3.1.2 俄议会选举开始规范化 36 3.1.3 “政权党”逐步成为议会多数党 36-38 3.1.4 加速了俄共逐步走向分裂 38-41 3.2 德国《政党法》对政党制度的作用 41-45 3.2.1 德共等左翼力量分化重组 41-43 3.2.2 社民党进一步扩大社会基础 43-44 3.2.3 绿党、民社党被纳入准两党制体制 44-45 3.3 两国《政党法》对各自政党制度作用差异之比较 45-50 3.3.1 相同之处 45-46 3.3.2 不同之处 46-50 参考文献 50-52 致谢 52-53 附录 53-54 承诺书 54 |
