Ⅰ. Introduction
In order to analyze the performance of the arts center, it is important to identify the influencing factors. In this study, the characteristic of central operating body and the characteristic of management structure were selected ...
Ⅰ. Introduction
In order to analyze the performance of the arts center, it is important to identify the influencing factors. In this study, the characteristic of central operating body and the characteristic of management structure were selected as the main independent variables. Because the characteristic of central operating body steers the goals and strategies of the arts center and the characteristic of management structure rows to practice the goals and strategies. Central operating body was classified direct operating and contracting out on the supply methods. And central operating body was classified direct operating by metropolitan council, direct operating by local government, local public enterprise and corporate body on the type of operating institutions.
Also, the characteristic of central operating body and the characteristic of management structure were investigated to examine the influence on the performance of the arts center in scientific methods. First, by identifying the influence of efficiency-the rate of facility operation(RFO), the rate of generating profit(RGP)- and effectiveness-the quality of service, the satisfaction of service-, we will know how the central operating body affects the performance of arts center. Second, by identifying the influence of efficiency-the rate of facility operation, the rate of generating profit- and effectiveness-the quality of service, the satisfaction of service-, we will know how the characteristic of management structure affects the performance of arts center.
The study is based in 82 arts centers distributed in 16 Autonomous Communities over wide areas, and the range of the service thereby limited to the services provided in the arts center. 82 relevant staffs of 82 arts centers had been sampled in the study to measure the efficiency from June 2015 to July 2015, and the survey of 799 audiences at 37 arts centers out of the 82 arts centers had been included in the study to measure the effectiveness on Sep 2015.
Ⅱ. Results
Comparative analysis of efficiency
First, staffs of contracting out arts centers received greater compensations based on performance evaluation than that of direct operating arts centers. Second, RFO of contracting out arts centers is higher than that of direct operating. Third, RGP of contracting out is higher than that of direct operating. Fourth, RGP of local public enterprise is the highest among all. Fifth, direct operating arts centers of metropolitan council and corporate body are being operated similarly number of committee about governance structure of institution.
Comparative analysis of effectiveness
First, consigned arts centers operated by corporate body provide the best facility convenience in quality of service. Second, service satisfaction did not find a significant difference between central operating bodies.
Analysis result of influencing factors on efficiency
First, excellence of mission and vision affect positive influence to RFO on the performance management system. Second, the arts center operated by local government improves RFO but the other central operating bodies affect no influence on RFO. Third, contracting out art centers give positive influence on RGP. Forth, the arts center operated by local public enterprise improves RGP. Fifth, according to the combined result of RFO and RGP, when arts centers are operated by local government and public enterprise improve efficiency. Sixth, the number of facilities and employee affect positive influence to RFO on the control variable.
Analysis result of influencing factors on effectiveness
First, compensations based on performance evaluation affect negative influence to quality of service on the supply methods: direct operation and contract out. Second, compensations based on performance evaluation as well affect negative influence to quality of service on the type of operating institutions: metropolitan council, local government, local public enterprise, corporate body.
Third, the greater the number of performing arts groups affects negative influence to quality of service on the supply methods: direct operation and contract out. Fourth, the greater the number of performing arts groups as well affects positive influence to quality of service on the type of operating institutions: metropolitan council and local government/local public enterprise/corporate body.
Fifth, excellence of mission and vision affect positive influence to quality of service. Sixth, the arts center operated by local government decreases the quality of service. Seventh, the political attitude affects positive influence on the quality of service. Eighth, the arts center operated by local government decreases the satisfaction of service. Ninth, the arts center operated by public enterprise decreases the satisfaction of service.
Ⅲ. Conclusions
First, though contracting out is generally considered as the best alternative to improve the performance, contracting out may not the best alternative as a policy tool in case of arts centers. Depending on which part of the pursuit of performance, it should be introduced one of different central operating bodies. Second, the arts centers operated by local government are necessary to try experimental performances considered to satisfy the cultural needs of local audience. Third, mission and vision should be clearly defined so that employees are well aware of it in order to be fully reflected in actual operation. Fourth, the number of theater operating personnel(i.e. house manager) improve the performances of audience satisfaction. Fifth, the existence of performing arts groups rather analyzed to have a negative effect on the effectiveness. Therefore performing arts group is necessary to develop more high-quality performance products otherwise it is rather to invite outsourcing performers. Sixth, the personnel with expertise should be employed to charge the task of arts centers. The university will have to open a department that can enhance the professionalism of the cultural and artistic services. It should also introduce a policy that employs the house manager in mandatory.
* Key Words: Arts Center Service, efficiency, rate of facility operation(RFO), rate of generating profit(RGP), effectiveness, quality of service, satisfaction of service, direct operating, contracting out, central operating body, management structure, performance management system, organization system, mission and vision, compensations based on performance evaluation, division of works, governance structure, of performing arts groups.
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