Abstract
This study is based on Construction Grammar theory. It utilizes four kinds of corpora to study Korean Chinese-Character Idioms. It includes corpora of four types: a basic corpus from Zhang Yinxuan (Kr))’s “Dictionary of Korean -Chines...
Abstract
This study is based on Construction Grammar theory. It utilizes four kinds of corpora to study Korean Chinese-Character Idioms. It includes corpora of four types: a basic corpus from Zhang Yinxuan (Kr))’s “Dictionary of Korean -Chinese Idioms – Comparison of Locution Phrase and Adage”, made up of all 633 idioms and their qualitative and quantitative analyses; an auxiliary corpus from Jin Yulan (Ch)’s “Dictionary of Korean -Chinese Adage and Locution Phrase and Idioms”, made up of 455 Korean -Chinese vocabulary entry, participated in the quantitative analysis, and was also used to extend the overall number of entries(1088), however did not use qualitative statistics. Liu Peilin (Ch))’s “Korean-Chinese Great Dictionary” and Chi Zaiyun ＆Chen Ru (Ch))’s “Dictionary of Common China Idioms ” were used as reference corpora for investigating, translating, and surveying the word entries in the four types of dictionaries used in this study.
This study uses a combination of both quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis and a combination of descriptive and explanative methods to investigate grammatical and semantic structures, including linguistic units of morphemes, words, phrases and sentences, relating to systematic rules of construction of Korean Chinese-Character Idioms. The emphasis is on revealing the qualities of Korean Chinese-Character Idioms that do not conform to the usual grammatical and semantic construction rules of such expressions. This study discovers that in the construction of Korean Chinese-Character Idioms exists a super-linguistic unit replacement construction model, as well as differences in systematic, multi-tiered grammatical and semantic construction suppression.
This study believes that the difference between Korean Chinese-Character Idioms four-link connection construction and three-link connection non-construction lies in multidimensional cognitive semantic links, and that multidimensional cognitive semantic links contain four different unequal dimensional differentials. This study believes that the formation of cognitive semantic structures is inseparable from the involvement of multi-faceted dimensional elements. Multi-faceted dimensional elements undergo iconicity association to create process of significant semantic leaps; this is called the “Sum of the Greater Part of the Total,” a process of construction semantics. Then this article investigates the appearances of “OV” and “VO” phrasal constructions Korean Chinese-Character Idioms and their relation to Chinese and Korean language contact. This article then describes and explains the conditions and modeling of simple sentence construction in Korean Chinese-Character Idioms. Lastly, this article researches the tightening of complex sentence construction types and attributes of Korean Chinese-Character Idioms, discovering that the tightening of complex sentence constructions of Korean Chinese-Character Idioms includes a special type – front and back side figurative and abstract parallel tightening of complex sentence construction. This does a final investigation into this phenomena in the basic corpora listed above.
This study believes that with construction in Korean Chinese-Character Idioms, in being “Entity Constuction” in a closed system, the more obvious its attributes, the greater its grammatical and semantic variation will be. This upholds that grammar structure and semantics are necessary to use in combination with each other, in which semantics are dominant, and uses it to analyze and classify Korean Chinese-Character Idioms.
This article discovered that the cause of semantic and grammar differences in Korean Chinese-Character Idioms can be explained by using construction grammar constraints and construction choice principles. This article believes that morphemes, words, phrases, simple sentences, and complex sentences in Korean Chinese-Character Idioms reflect construction constraints and choice principles leading to a semantic and grammar system change resulting in a ‘large to small’ rule derivation.
In total, when Chinese expressions coming from the same language source derived as Korean Chinese-Character Idioms evolved from ancient times to today, construction appears from simple and complex sentence construction to single word construction. This kind of “Tightening Model” transformation encompasses complex sentence construction, simple sentence construction lading to phrase construction, word construction, even morpheme construction transformation rules. “Phrasification,” “Wordification,” and “Morphemification,” are important methods of deriving and forming Korean Chinese-Character Idioms. This derivation rule causes phrase, word, and morpheme construction in Korean Chinese-Character Idioms s, and is also the main method in the creation of new Korean Chinese-Character Idioms.
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