| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 宪法根本权力是一种司法权力，有司法权力即有司法救援。当宪法根本权力遭到侵占时，无破例地可以经由过程司法救援门路赐与解救，使被损害的宪法次序得以恢复到正常的状况。宪法根本权力也是一种可诉的要求权，不管是国度机关照样其它人侵占此种权力，受益人都有权要求国度赐与司法救援，国度有责任保证宪法根本权力弗成侵占的神圣性。宪法根本权力司法救援机制，没有同一的形式，其保证轨制的设计，与列国的司法轨制、司法文明、政治体系体例、特殊是法院轨制有着极端亲密的接洽。按世界列国现在的做法，详细有以下几种形式：可以经由过程通俗法院只审理详细案件，不触及议会制订的司法合宪性，在审讯中创建法院本身实用的判例作为断定涉讼行动合宪性的措施，如英国；也能够在详细的案件中由最高法院宣布背宪司法有效的措施，如美国；还可以经由过程一个专门的宪法审讯机构，既审查背宪的司法，又审查背宪详细行动的措施，如德国；或许实施对背宪司法的审查与涉讼行动审查，分离拜托给两个分歧的机构承当的措施，如法国。个中，德国联邦宪法法院设立至今已有半个世纪，经由过程它的运动，德语论文网站，对原联邦德国及从新同一今后的德国的政治轨制发生了强无力的作用，为政局的稳固、国度机构的调和运转作出了必定的进献。它的运动还对深化自在平易近主的立宪思惟起了增进感化。在德国，假定没有联邦宪法法院，宪法将毫无价值。一切当局组织都请求遵照宪法，然则假如没有联邦宪法法院，就将无人对能否违背此责任作出断定。登峰造极的权利是一种很年夜的引诱，人们没法信任握有年夜权者会自发在司法规模内运动。是以，宪法的标准性权力只要经由过程宪法法院能力酿成政治实际。联邦宪法法院使得宪法必备的普通标准成为社会实际中活生生的运转身分。正由于德国联邦宪法法院的奇特位置及其在司法理论中对自在平易近主、国民根本权力的保护，使其成为宪法的护卫者。所以懂得他的汗青与现状，懂得他的运转特点，对于他国在理论中表现宪法的真理，甚有裨益。本文恰是以此目标为动身点，在文章的第一部门，侧重阐述了德国联邦宪法法院演进及以后状态；第二部门扼要概述了其奇特的组织构造，以资自创；要真正懂得一种轨制，条件是要清晰其异于他类的运转机制，这是移植参照的必经门路，所以在文章的第三部门，对德国联邦宪法法院的运转特点作了阐释，望能为达此功能略尽菲薄之劳。德国联邦宪法法院所管辖的案件品种许多，而个中对于宪法诉愿案的管辖最具特点。在本文第四部门对此作了详论，并以剖解一处而窥全身为动身点，希冀从此处着手，使读者清楚化联邦宪法法院在现实操作中运转特点。经由过程上述四部门的引见，对于德国联邦宪法《WP=5》法院的全体概略及特点将会有初步的懂得。文章的最初即第五部门论述了德国联邦宪法法院的位置及感化。从联邦宪法法院以保护和守卫联邦宪法的准绳为其最高任务，德语论文，保护宪法对峙法机关和其他国度机关的权利和优先位置为其基本职责动身，展示了宪法法院以其自立和自力的位置和措施保卫以自在和人类庄严为最高目标的根本权力，保护并确立这类根本权力的宪法准绳和宪法次序的现实功效。 Abstract: Constitutional fundamental power is a kind of judicial power, judicial power, judicial relief. When the constitutional fundamental rights by occupation, without exception can be through the process of judicial relief opportunities given and rescue, the damage is the constitutional order restored to normal status. Constitutional fundamental rights is a kind of can claim lawsuit, whether such powers of state organs still other people encroachment, the beneficiary has the right requires countries to give judicial relief, the state has the responsibility to guarantee that constitutional fundamental rights Eph occupation of the sacred. Constitutional fundamental rights judicial relief mechanism, no with a form of its guarantee rail system design, and the nations of the judicial system, judicial civilization, political systems, special is court rail system has an extremely close contact. According to the world now, with the following forms: through the process of court trial with popular cases, do not touch the parliament formulate judicial constitutionality, create a practical case as the court itself in action that the constitutionality of the trial, such as the United Kingdom; also in detail by case the Supreme Court declared effective methods, such as the United States constitutional justice back; also can pass a constitutional trial mechanism, constitutional judicial review is back, back and review methods, such as the German constitution with action; perhaps the implementation of judicial review of constitutional litigation and back action review, please give two different separation methods the institutions bear, such as france. Therein, the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany set up has been half a century, through the process of its motion, of Federal Republic of Germany and from new with a future German political orbit of the powerful influence, political stability, national institutions of harmonic operation made a certain contribution. Its movement is also to deepen the constitutional thinking of the Democratic People's main play a role in promoting. In Germany, if there is no federal constitutional court, the constitution will have no value. All authorities have asked to comply with the constitution, but if there is no federal constitutional court, no one will be able to determine whether the violation of this responsibility. The culmination of the rights is a very big lure, people can't trust holds the eve of the right person will spontaneous movement within the scale of justice. So long as the Constitution's standard power is caused by the ability of the constitutional court to become political reality. The Federal Constitutional Court has made the constitution necessary to become a living standard of social reality. Because of the peculiar position of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany and the protection of the fundamental rights of the citizens and the citizens in the judicial theory, it becomes the guardian of the constitution. So understand his history and current situation, understand his running characteristics, on his country in the theory of the constitution of the truth, very useful. Thisarticle is precisely this goal as the starting point, in the first part of the article, and focuses on the development of the Federal Constitutional Court in Germany and later state; the second part briefly summarizes its peculiar structure, to create their own; to truly understand a rail system, the condition is to clear the different from he operation mechanism, which is refer to transplant the necessary opportunities, so in the third sector, on the operation characteristics of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, explains the hope to achieve this function as a meager. The German Federal Constitutional Court under the jurisdiction of the case and many varieties, under the jurisdiction of Chinese constitutional petition case on the most characteristic. In the fourth part this descant. And to dissect and peep systemic as a starting point, hope from the start, make the readers have a clear of the Federal Constitutional Court in practical operation characteristics. Through the introduction of the four departments, on the German Federal Constitutional "WP=5" court all the outline and characteristics will have preliminary understanding. At the beginning of the article, the fifth section discusses the position and action of the German Federal Constitutional Court. From the federal constitutional court to protect and defend the constitution of the Commonwealth of the criterion for the highest task to protect rights of constitutional confrontation organs and other state organs and the priority place as its basic duty to start, showing the constitutional court to the self-reliance and self location and method of defend human freedom and dignity as the highest goal of fundamental rights, protect and establish the fundamental rights of constitutional principles and the constitutional order of the realistic effect. 目录: |
