| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，德语毕业论文，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 斟酌到德国纳粹法西斯下台在朝后所形成的灾害性作用,对魏玛共和国毁灭缘由的反思历久以来都是德国近古代史研究中的主要课题,在魏玛共和国末期在朝的布吕宁当局的政策与运动也是研究此课题的切入点之一。本文试图从布吕宁当局的表里政策、国务运动着手,详细商量魏玛共和国末期的经济、政治及交际情况,以此剖析布吕宁当局的在朝后果和政治窘境,终究测验考试初步提醒布吕宁当局在魏玛平易近主覆亡之路上所饰演的脚色,和其对德国汗青的主要作用。除绪论和结语外,本文共分为四章。第一章经由过程引见德国日趋好转的经济局面,和由此激发的议会平易近主制危机,阐述了布吕宁当局“总统内阁”设立的配景和进程。另外,在引见布吕宁小我生平思惟、及其对总统紧迫权利的法理懂得的基本上,本文将布吕宁界定为“理性上的君主主义者、感性上的共和主义者”,为下文中布吕宁与守旧主义左派的抵触埋下伏笔。第二章从两个方面集中评论辩论了布吕宁当局的经济政策。其一是争议颇多的通货压缩政策,本文起首从微观角度引见了遭受经济萧条及银行危机两重袭击的德国经济局面,并追溯压缩政策的制订思绪及进程,进而对布吕宁当局经济政策的盘旋余地停止考核。其二是西方支援政策,本文回想了德国容克阶级对德国政治的作用力,记叙了布吕宁为逢迎左派而履行的西方支援筹划的内容,和终究惨遭左派权势构陷的进程。第三章重要存眷了布吕宁当局的政治运动。起首,本文扼要引见了1930年国会年夜选和社会平易近主党的容忍政策,政局的渐变促进了布吕宁与社会平易近主党的客不雅协作,从而为布吕宁的“半议会制”当局供给了运转情况,并提醒了布吕宁对议会平易近主制的保持。其次,本文从哈尔茨堡聚会会议及1932年总统年夜选两个事宜来集中展示平易近族主义否决派的反当局运动,并以此指明否决派阵营心心相印、外部决裂的本质。最初,本文剖析了布吕宁当局与以施莱歇尔为代表的总统幕后团体之间的政治角力,布吕宁对当局右转的谢绝和看待纳粹成绩上的不合促使两边抵触赓续激化,终究直接招致了布吕宁的黯然上台。第四章商量了布吕宁当局的交际运动。国际平易近族主义的怒潮和各类困局难以冲破的为难迫使布吕宁当局离开原谅道路,本文经由过程剖析德奥关税联盟构成直至破产的全部进程,展示了布吕宁当局首次交际攻势的掉败。其次,在梳理布吕宁争夺撤消赔款的交际运动的基本上,指出布吕宁当局在交际上获得的严重造诣,同时也显示了美国和法国在对德政策上的生硬。文章最初引见剖析了布吕宁当局的上台经由,对布吕宁当局的在朝后果及汗青作用做了扼要的评价。在此基本上,对魏玛宪法中国会与总统权利的制衡成绩停止思虑,以此来探寻魏玛平易近主覆火的缘由。 Abstract: Consider to Nazi fascism in Germany to step down at the formation of disastrous effects, the Weimar Republic destruction reason of reflection is long-term since the main topic in Germany near the ancient history research in one entry point bruening authorities at the end of the Weimar Republic of North Korea's policy and also the discussion on this subject. This paper attempts to proceed from the bruening government policy of inside and outside, the State Sports, to discuss details of the Weimar Republic at the end of the economic, political and social situation, in order to analyze bruening authorities ruling consequences and political dilemmas, after all, test preliminary remind bruening authorities in Wei Maping easy near main Fuwang road played the role, and the German historical main influence. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter introduces the economic situation in Germany, and the crisis of parliamentary democratic system, and expounds the background and process of the establishment of the president's cabinet by the Bruening administration. In addition, know how to introduce bruening ego life thought, and of urgent President right legal basically, the bruening is defined as "perceptual and rational monarchist Republicanism", below cloth luening and conservative left conflict foreshadowing. The second chapter focuses on the discussion of the economic policy of the Bruening administration from two aspects. One is the controversial currency policy, this article first from the microscopic point of view of the economic downturn and the bank crisis of the double attack of the German economy, and traces the development of compression policy ideas and processes, and then the Bruening administration's economic policy hovering room to stop the assessment. Second is western support policy, this paper recalls the German junkers class of Germany's political influence, narrate the bruening for pandering to the left while fulfilling the western support planning content, and ultimately tragic left power framed process. The third chapter is about the political movement of the Bruening administration. First of all, this article briefly introduced the 1930 parliamentary elections and the Social Democratic Party's tolerance policy, the political situation of the gradual promotion of Bruening and the Social Democratic Party's guest of cooperation, thus for the cloth Lu Ning, the semi parliamentary system, the operation of the government, and to remind Bruening of the parliamentary democracy. Secondly, this paper from the Harzburg meeting and 1932, President of the eve of the selected two matters to display plain near nationalism veto faction of the anti establishment movement, and thus indicates the opposition camp soulmate, external break the essence. At first, this paper analyzes the bruening authorities and Schleicher as the representative of President behind the scenes between groups of political wrangling, bruening of the authorities to turn right declined and see Nazi results disagreement prompted on both sides of the conflict continuously intensified, eventually lead directly to the bruening sadly came to power. The fourth chapter is about the communication movement of the Bruening administration. The plain near nationalism tide and all kinds of predicament is difficult to break through the difficult forcing bruening authorities left forgive Road, this paper through the analysis of the Austro German customs union formed until the bankruptcy process, showing the bruening authorities first offensive of communication failure. Secondly, in the Bruening competition for the withdrawal of the compensation of the communication movement of the basic, pointed out that the Bruening administration in the communication of the serious attainments, but also shows that the United States and France in the German policy on the blunt. This paper first introduced the analysis of the Bruening administration's power through, to the Bruening administration's influence on the consequences and history to make a brief evaluation. In this basically, the Weimar constitution China and the president of the balance of power to stop thinking, in order to explore the reasons for the Weimar people to cover the fire. 目录: |
