| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 二十世纪五十年月以来，跟着诸若有机氯类、无机磷类、氨基甲酸酯类、拟除虫菊酯类等各类人工分解杀虫剂的接踵涌现，杀虫剂开端普遍地被运用在益虫防治的理论中，并获得很好的后果，招致对杀虫剂的过渡依附，固然对德国小蠊的防治也不破例。因为历久年夜量、有时乃至是不公道地运用杀虫剂，导致益虫构成心理上或行动上的抗药性，这不只严重减弱了化学防治的后果，并且也增长了防治难度和本钱，德语论文题目，同时也带来了一系列情况和安康成绩。然则，因为化学防治有着速效、便利等特色，是以在益虫的综合防治办法中还是弗成替换的主要办法。德国小蠊是一种罕见的家居益虫，与人类的生涯情况接洽亲密，具有主要的公共卫生学意义，其对人类损害的水平日趋减轻，损害规模正由宾馆、病院、食物加工制作、餐饮等特别行业向家庭舒展，已成为城市卫生益虫中最重要的防治对象之一。本研究经由过程比拟剖析北京市部门地域德国小蠊对经常使用杀虫剂抗药性的现状，对德国小蠊抗药性程度停止评价，为指点现场杀虫的公道用药，进步防治后果供给实际参考和根据。在分歧现场共收集了4个德国小蠊种群，分离为JZ、WJ、HH和XY，在尺度前提下（温度：25℃±1℃，绝对湿度：65％±5％）豢养滋生，取F1代成仙后2周～3周的雄性成虫作为试验研究对象。应用药膜法，将各类群德国小蠊对氯菊酯和残杀威药膜（每瓶含药量分离为2。08μg／cm2和1。25μg／cm2）的击倒时光，输出Throne等编写的“时光一逝世亡”剖析法式，盘算KT50，在x2值最小和便于各组之间比拟的准绳下，选择Probit一Logit情势的转换，以敏感种群的KT50为基线，盘算各类群的抗药性指数（RR）。成果注解4个现场种群德国小蠊对氯菊酯发生分歧水平的抗药性，抗药性指数规模为3。63～8。73，对残杀威抗药性程度较低，抗药性指数规模为1。26～1。84。依据生测成果选择响应的生化检测法，应用CO示差法检测总P450含量，以乙酸对硝基苯甲酸（PNPA）为底物测定非特异性酯酶的比活度。将非特异性酯酶的比活度和总P450含量整顿后输出SAS6．0’‘具有反复丈量设计”的法式中，对各类群德国小镜的生化检测成果停止两两比拟。本研究成果显示，JZ种群和们种群德国小贩的非特异性酯酶水解PNPA的比活度与敏感种群比拟差别明显；但HH种群和 XY种群却与敏感种群的成果差别不明显。联合生测法成果，JZ种群和 WJ种群对氯菊酯发生的抗药性指数（分离为 8．73和 8．34）绝对较高，与上述生化检测成果根本符合。综合上述成果，在必定水平上可以解释JZ种群和们种群德国小偏在对氯菊酯发生的抗药性中，触及到依附非特异性酯酶的代谢抗性机制。各现场种群总P450含量均比敏感种群高，分离是敏感种群的4．88倍、3．88倍、2．13倍和 2．00倍，并且与敏感种群比拟差别明显。依据以往的成果和实际，可在必定水平上以为各现场种群德国小蝴在对氯菊酯发生的抗药性中，触及到依附细胞色素P450的代谢抗性机制。依据生测和生化检测成果，可根本上肯定各现场种群德国小螨对氯菊酯的抗药性水平＊Z种群和U种群德国小绒抗性水平高，XY种群和 HH种群绝对较低。采取mRNA差别显示技巧，对敏感种群和抗性种群WJ种群和代种群)德国小镜的基因表达差别停止比拟，共发明20条差别带，并对JWG7a＊WA6b石WC4f三条带停止了不雅序，德语论文网站，片断长度分离为209hP、200hP和 150hP。个中JWG7a和JWA6b在抗性种群中呈阳性表达；而SWC4f在＊品系和 S（敏感品系）品系中呈阳性表达，在JZ品系中未表达，提醒JWG7a和川A6b能够与抗药性有关。 Abstract: Fifty years of the 20th century since, followed by Zhu if organic chloride, inorganic phosphorus, carbamate, quasi pyrethrins and all kinds of artificial decomposition of pesticides have sprung up, insecticide start widely is applied in insect pests prevention and control theory, and obtain good consequences, incur dependent transition to insecticides, although to Blattella germanica control is no exception. Because of large amount of long-term, sometimes even not reasonable application of pesticides, lead to beneficial insects constitute psychological or action on the resistance, which not only seriously weakened the consequences of chemical control, and also increase the control difficulty and cost, at the same time, it brings a series of circumstances and health problems. However, because the chemical control has a quick and convenient features, is to in insects integrated control measures or Eph into replace the main way. Blattella germanica is a kind of common household pests, and human's career approached close, with major public health significance, the damage to the human level gradually reduce, special scale damage is by the guesthouse, hospital, food processing production, food and other industries to Shu family has become urban health beneficial insects is one of the most important objects of prevention and treatment of. In this study, through compare Beijing regions of Blattella germanica to often use insecticide resistance status of, on the degree of drug resistance of Blattella germanica evaluation, on-the-spot guidance of insecticidal reasonable with medicine, progress control consequences supply practical reference and according to the analysis. In different site collected a total of four German cockroach populations, separated into JZ, WJ, HH and XY, in standard conditions (temperature: 25 DEG C / - 1 DEG C, absolute humidity: 65% / 5%) captive breeding, F1 generations into fairy after 2 weeks to 3 weeks of male adult as study object. The use of membrane method, various groups of Blattella germanica to permethrin and propoxur (drug dosage of 2 bottle containing separation. 08 g / cm2 and 1. 25 u g / cm2) knockdown time and output throne written "time death perish" analysis of the French, the calculation of kt50 and in x2 value minimum and easy between groups comparison principle under, regime of probit and logit transformation and sensitive population of kt50 of baseline and calculate the taxa of resistance index (RR). The results of 4 field notes resistance of German cockroach populations occurred different levels of permethrin resistance index, the scale of 3. 63 ~ 8. 73, the degree of resistance to the drug was low, and the resistance index was 1. 26 ~ 1. 84. According to the test results of selective response to biochemical detection method, using CO differential method was used to detect the total cytochrome P450 content, with acetic acid of p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNPA) as substrate determination of nonspecific esterase activity. The nonspecific esterase activity and total cytochrome P450 content of the rectification output sas6.0 '' with repeated measurements design "of the French, for various groups of German small mirror biochemical detection results stop pairwise comparison. The results of this study showed that the activity of JZ populations and populations of German hawker nonspecific esterase hydrolysis of PNPA and susceptible population compared with significant difference; but HH and XY colony but differences with the results of susceptible population is not obvious. Combined with bioassay results, JZ population and WJ population of permethrin resistance index (separation of 8.73 and 8.34) is relatively high, and the biochemical test results with the basic. Combined with the above results, we can explain the resistance of JZ population and the German small deviation of the population in Germany to a certain level, and to the metabolic resistance mechanism of the dependent non-specific esterase. The total P450 content of each field population was higher than that of sensitive populations, and the isolation was 4.88 times, 3.88 times, 2.13 times and 2 times of the sensitive population, and the difference was significant. On the basis of the previous achievements and practical, can be in a certain level that the field populations of German small butterfly in resistance to permethrin and involves attachment of the cytochrome P450 metabolic resistance mechanisms. According to the results of biochemical test and biochemical test, it is essential to affirm that the resistance level of the German mite to the Z population and the U population of the German cockroach is high, the XY population and the HH population is relatively low. Take mRNA differential display techniques, to susceptible population and resistant populations WJ population and population) German small mirror gene expression difference compared, a total of invention with 20 difference, and to JWG7a * WA6b stone WC4f three pieces of belt stop indecent sequence and fragment length separation 209hP, 200hP and 150hP. JWG7a and JWA6b in the resistant population was positive expression, and SWC4f in the * strain and S (sensitive lines) strains were positive expression in the JZ strain was not expressed, to remind the JWG7a and A6b can be related to drug resistance. 目录: |
