When one of the past memories, which was selected and emphasized based on ‘social framework’ reflecting contemporary social attention, demand, and problem, becomes institutionalized and organized through numerous ‘cultural mediums,’ it becomes... When one of the past memories, which was selected and emphasized based on ‘social framework’ reflecting contemporary social attention, demand, and problem, becomes institutionalized and organized through numerous ‘cultural mediums,’ it becomes a memory with social meaning and influence. This study was conducted to illustrate the correlation between the discourse of the ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ issue in Korean society, and the social reconstruction of memories of Japanese Colonial period. The assumption of this study is that the issue of ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ is an example that was derived from a social reconstruction process of memory. From this assumption, it analyzed the reasons for lacking discoursed before the 1990s on the ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ issue, and the social process of acceptance which started after the 1990s and led to inter-governmental agreement between Korea and Japan. After the independence in 1945, there were numerous ‘communicative’ memories scattered from the experiences of Japanese colonialism. Among those, the memory of victims of ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ existed. Nevertheless, the memory that was selected and emphasized was the memory of resistance towards Japanese Imperialism. The government of Republic of Korea, which was established in 1948, explicitly stated that its state legitimacy resides in the accession of anti-Japanese movement from its Preamble of the Constitution. The memory of anti-Japanese movement was reproduced and institutionalized through the cultural mediums owned by the state. The state-officialized the memory of anti-Japanese movement as the representative memory of Japanese colonial era through appointment of national holidays like Independence Movement Day and National Liberation Day, indoctrination of history education in secondary schools, government-led establishment of the Independence Hall of Korea, and etc. As a result, the state was able to emphasize the narrative structure of national subjugation that overcame the colonial rule of Japan through national resistance. Excluded from the social reconstruction process of Japanese colonial era, memories of victims of ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ were fragmented into personal memories of individual victims. Maladjustment to their social environment affected as one of the factors that restricted the social condensation of the memory of victims of ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ after their return to home country. The collapse of the Cold War after 1990s enabled numerous issues like women and human rights to arise. It also laid bedrocks for the issues of apologies and reparations for damages of colonial rule become the important regional issues in Asia, which was still under the Cold War paradigm. The advancement of democracy in Korean society after the June Movement of 1987 led to the growth of civil society. The formation of social groups related to women issues became the opportunity to organized the discourses on the damages from ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ issues which were intermittently dealt. Korean civil society, including ‘Korean Council for Women Drafted for Military Sexual Slavery by Japan(KCWD),’ has been demanding the acknowledgement of Japanese government’s legal responsibility and state-level reparation; and the transmission of ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ issue through history education through ‘Wednesday Demonstration’ conducted every week in front of the Japanese Embassy since 1992. It also has been publicly announced its activities through international cooperation. On-going ‘Wednesday Demonstrations’ has become the symbolic venue for the memories of ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ victims. The ‘The Peace Monument’ was built in front of the Japanese Embassy to cerebrate its 1000th rally, also function as the symbolic figure to visualize the memories of those victims. Such activities are spreading to other cities through autonomous volunteers like students, civil society, and local governments. ‘War and Women’s Human Rights Museum’ was established by victims and related organizations and spread the memories of the victims to visitors through interactive experience display. The diffusion and condensation of the memory of victims of ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ through civil society’s cultural medium influenced the official process of ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ issues between Korea and Japan. It also relates with the negative reactions from the Korean civil society during the acceptance process of the Korea-Japan agreement on ‘Military Sexual Slavery by Japan’ issue in 2015. ，免费韩语论文，韩语论文 |
