A language borrows a lot of words from other languages, when there are cultural contacts. The Korean language has borrowed many words from other languages, among which English tops the list. Loan words are borrowed mainly in the noun form, and less fr...
A language borrows a lot of words from other languages, when there are cultural contacts. The Korean language has borrowed many words from other languages, among which English tops the list. Loan words are borrowed mainly in the noun form, and less frequently in verb and adjective forms. These loan words change in their phonology, morphology and meaning from the source language to the target language. This thesis refers only to English loan words used in the Korean language.
The thesis aims to help English learners to reduce the errors they might make when they communicate in English, by analyzing the differences between the correct English words and English loan words in three aspects: Phonology, Morphology, and Semantics.
English loan words introduced into the Korean language generally show features in the three aspects as follows:
First, in a phonological aspect, they change to fit into the Korean phonological structure of words. This change is caused since no exactly corresponding sounds exist in Korean. Spelling pronunciation also causes changes, making the situation a lot worse. One reason is that formerly English loan words came indirectly from Japanese. Nowadays, this problem of spelling pronunciation is decreasing, because many young people learn English directly from native speakers of English either directly or experience the culture through direct or indirect contact. Another problem is that the stress patterns of the English loan words are radically different from those of the original English nouns, which causes a lot of difficulties in communicating in English.
Second, morphological forms of English loan words frequently show differently from the English words. These words are results of several word-formation methods such as compounding, derivation, blending, clipping, and acronymization. It is the general trend that English loan words are used predominantly by the younger generation, the entertainment world, TV, fashion industry and so on. I examined and classified some English loan words according to their word-formation methods.
Thirdly, English loan words experience semantic extension or narrowing, as well as semantic pejoration or amelioration when they are accepted as a part of Korean. Loan words change in semantic field and/or in semantic value. The change in semantic field includes the extension, specialization, and transfer of meaning. The change of semantic value includes pejoration and amelioration of meaning.
We learn English to communicate in English. Therefore, to become a good communicator of English, it is very important that the recognition of the differences between correct English and English loan words. If we ignore this, we have serious difficulties when communicating in English. Fortunately, today's Korean students come into contact with correct English, which makes it easier for them to use it.
In conclusion and as a suggestion, the teacher should make a constant effort to consult the dictionary each time they meet English loan words and encourage students use the correct English corresponding to them.
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