The case studies have shown how the deviant phonology of morphologically-complex words is derived without intermediate stages of derivation. Deviations from canonical patterns are identity effects, produced by constraints on paradigmatically-relate...
The case studies have shown how the deviant phonology of morphologically-complex words is derived without intermediate stages of derivation. Deviations from canonical patterns are identity effects, produced by constraints on paradigmatically-related forms. Subparadigms, or pairs of related words, are evaluated simultaneously against recursions of a fixed constraint ranking. Paradigmatic identity can rank above phonological constraints, so that process over-or underapply to make related words alike in featural, segmental or prosodic structure. Paradigmatic identity can also be sacrificed to the canonical phonotactics, so that related words are not identical in surface forms.
This thesis develops a theory of phonological relations between words. Misapplication patterns are studied to that identity of morphologically-related words is enforced directly by the phonological grammar. Constraints defined over transderivational (output-to-output or OO) correspondence relations state identity requirements on pairs of words, or PARADIGMS, constructed by morphological derivation. The paradigmatic identity constraints interact directly with constraints that impose phonotactic patterns. When paradigmatic identity takes precedence, canonical patterns are disobeyed to achieve identity of related words.
This proposal is extension of the Correspondence theory of faithfulness (McCarthy & Prince, 1995) in Optimal Theory (Prince & Smolensky, 1993) So in chapter 1, I summarized those theories briefly. The leading idea of Corresponce Theory is that all types of grammatical faithfulness are regulated in the same way, by ranked and violable constraints on correspondence relations. Corresponding strings can stand in various types of relations: they may be related as underlying and surface form (input and output) or as a reduplicant and its base or, as argue here, as a pair of output words. In each type of relation, identity is enforced by a set of faithfulness constraints. Thus multiple sets of faithfulness constraints, proper to different types of linguistic relations, coexist in the grammar, interacting with one another and with the hierarchy of phonological markedness constraints (see 1.2 and 1.3)
In chapter 2, Lexical Phonology and Transderivational Correspondence Theory is discussed. It has been noticed since the introduction of the cycle, that cycles of rules apply only to the full words, and not to smaller morphological constituents. "Cyclic effects" occur only in words that are derived from another word, and not in words built by affixation to a bound root. In TCT, the fact that bound roots are not cyclic domains follows from the basic premises of the theory. Cyclic effects are misapplication identity effects, in which a complex word mimics its output base (as demanded by high-ranking OO-correspondence constraints)
Another argument that received some attention in above chapters is that TCT is typologically more restrictive than cyclic theory. Because all words are evaluated against the same hierarchy of costraints, the parallel theory puts a limit on how deviant the deviant phonology of complex words can be. The non-canonical patterns of the language are generated by the same grammar. All words are evaluated against the same fixed ranking, so they are restricted in the ways they can differ. Serial theories, in contrast, leave open the possibility that cycles or levels of derivation differ in any or all ways, and can produce various surface patterns in different class of words. These and other arguments against the serial or cyclic approach are set out in more detail in chapter 3.
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