The purpose of this is to discover the modals of synonymic rivalry and the elements governing the superiority/inferiority in such synonymic rivalry by examining the changes of individual synonyms from the aspect of synonymic rivalry based on ana... The purpose of this is to discover the modals of synonymic rivalry and the elements governing the superiority/inferiority in such synonymic rivalry by examining the changes of individual synonyms from the aspect of synonymic rivalry based on analysis of existence modals of adverb synonyms by the period. This also examines the difference between synonymic rivalry pattern and synonymic rivalry elements identified for noun and verbal synonyms. Adverbs can be divided into following categories: demonstrative adverbs, place adverbs, time adverbs, symbolic adverbs, degree adverbs, negative adverbs, manner adverbs, modal adverbs, and conjunctive adverbs. This study investigates time adverbs, degree adverbs, manner adverbs, and modal adverbs among them. In Chapter 1, this states the selection method for adverb synonyms. Total 30 synonyms consisted of 10 time adverbs, 6 degree adverbs, 10 manner adverbs, and 4 modal adverbs were selected in the ancient languages and contemporary Korean language dictionaries. Then, the author diachronically gathered the selected synonyms into one group which was then schematized by the period. Chapter 2.1 examines the existence modals and diachronic changes of time adverb 〔neul〕 synonym, 〔dasi〕 synonym, 〔bondi〕 synonym, 〔ajik〕 synonym, 〔eolreun〕 synonym, 〔yeongwonhi〕 synonym, 〔ittageum〕 synonym, 〔jaju〕 synonym, 〔jamkkan〕 synonym, and 〔cheoncheonhi〕 synonym by the period. Chapter 2.2 examines the existence modals and diachronic changes of degree adverb 〔gajang〕 synonym, 〔gyeou〕 synonym, 〔ttaro〕 synonym, 〔mani〕 synonym, 〔mopsi〕 synonym, 〔oroji〕 synonym by the period. In Chapter 2.3, this examines existence modals and diachronic changes of manner adverb 〔gajireoni〕 synonym, 〔gahi〕 synonym, 〔gajireoni〕 synonym, 〔neogreoi〕 synonym, 〔meolri〕 synonym, 〔bulssanghi〕 synonym, 〔yeoreoi〕 synonym, 〔jalmot〕 synonym, 〔hangahi〕 synonym, 〔hamburo〕 synonym by the period. Chapter 2.4 examines the existence modals and diachronic changes of modal adverb 〔mureut〕 synonym, 〔bandeusi〕 synonym, 〔jeonhyeo〕 synonym, 〔chameuro〕 synonym by the period. This study investigates the results of synonymic rivalry of adverb synonyms and elements determining the synonymic rivalry based on the modal of diachronic changes in adverb synonym mentioned in Chapter 3. There are three aspects for resultant modal for synonymic rivalry: lexcial loss, coexistence of words and semantic narrowing. Lexical loss is a general modal of synonymic rivalry. It is the same case with adverbs. Only two examples of ‘meolri, Oeu’, ‘oroji, aeoraji, jeonhyeo’, correspond to the coexistence of words. Meanwhile, there are some examples for individual synonyms which show the semantic narrowing such as ‘detdeodi, anjak, gajang, ha, ajo, jeonhyeo, moromae’. For elements determining synonymic rivalry, this considers seven elements such as the economy of language, homophony, form stability, semantic meaning load, influence of related words, the dominance of sino-Korean, and syntactic constraints. The economy of language encompasses syllable numbers and level of difficulty of the pronunciation. The adverb synonyms, which are made up of more than 4 syllables, generally result in the loss for the breach of the economy of language. The most typical examples include ‘meurimeuriye/meudueimeudueiye/meudoemeudoeye, nalhokjanagi’. Adverb synonyms with final consonant ‘t’ and ‘d’ were considered relatively difficult to pronounce. Most typical examples are ‘yeomot, jeogeun deot/jeoguendeot, mot, barad/barat, dad/dat, geut, bajeot, bandag/bandat’, etc. Homophony is an element which is significantly disadvantageous in synonymic rivalry, and consequently, words in homophonym relationship usually result in the loss. Most typical examples of that case include ‘sanggi’, ‘eohi’, ‘jaru’, ‘mat’, ‘dat’, ‘shoe’, ‘johi’, ‘geut’, and ‘euisik’. Form stability can be examined by dividing it into following categories: words created by derivation, words of which conjugation was adverbialized, and words of which syntactic construction was adverbialized. Among them, the synonyms of which conjugation became fixed as adverb(‘gashoeya, naoeya’, ‘nalhoya, halhoeya’) and synonym of which syntactic construction became fixed as adverb(‘syangsyangae/shyangshyange/shyangshyangeui’, ‘bondiro’, ‘dangsiron/dangsirong, dangsiye’, ‘daebeomhandi’, ‘jeogeundoet’), etc. were disadvantageous in synonymic rivalry as their form stability was reduced. Hence, most adverb synonyms of such type result in the loss. Larger meaning load results in significant disadvantage in synonymic rivalry. Polysemy synonyms with large meaning load are disadvantageous in synonymic rivalry, which usually leads to semantic narrowing or lexical loss. Applicable examples include ‘deotdeodi, anjak, gajang, ha, ajo, jeonhyeo, moromae, gashoeya’, etc. Moreover, if related words result in the loss or their dominance is weakened, they affect adverb synonyms which results in weakened synonymic rivalry. This phenomenon is noticeable in adverb synonyms created mostly from the derivation process or adverb synonyms of which conjugation became fixed as adverb. Eventually, they result in the loss or their dominance is weakened. Typical examples include ‘nalhoya, nalhoeya, chyeonchyeonhi, chyeonchyeoni’, ‘hada, manta’, ‘gajakhada, jajironhada’, ‘geuratda, oeda, jalmokhada’, ‘jotda, jocholhada, gatgathada’, etc. In the frame of synonymic rivalry between native Korean adverb synonym and sino-Korean adverb synonym, sino-Korean adverb synonyms generally survive. Typical examples include ‘bondi, bonrae, bonsi wonrae, wonsi’, ‘yeongyeong, yeongyeonghi, yeong, yeonghi, yeongwonhi’, ‘jamgan, jamsi’, etc. Adverb synonyms with syntactic constraint are disadvantageous in competition against adverb synonyms without syntactic constraint. Related examples are considerably rare, but such tendency is also considered an important factor determining the semantic competitiveness of adverb synonym. Related examples include ‘nanoe, nanoeya’ which were used to mean 〔dasi〕. ‘nanoe, nanoeya’ faced constraints that they had to be used mostly with non-affirmative words, unlike ‘dasi’, a word in competitive relationship. Their loss is considered not irrelevant with such syntactic constraint phenomenon. ，韩语毕业论文，韩语论文网站 |
