The main element expanding the discussion of Korea entering a multicultural society is the increase in international marriages. As of 2012, the number of marriage immigrants amounted to 148,498 with the number of women occupying 85.9%. Such married im...
The main element expanding the discussion of Korea entering a multicultural society is the increase in international marriages. As of 2012, the number of marriage immigrants amounted to 148,498 with the number of women occupying 85.9%. Such married immigrant women have cultural sense of difference due to the differences in language, economy and society and experiences social inequality and information gap. A public library guarantees right-to-know and information access for citizens and has the obligation of providing services for married immigrant women emerging as the new information minority group. Accordingly, the objective of this research is to propose the direction which should be continuously reflected in the planning, operation and development of multicultural services for married immigrant women. Literature research, example survey and present condition investigation were conducted to propose revitalization measures for multicultural services for married immigrant women in public libraries.
Firstly, with literature research, examinations of the concepts and characteristics of multicultural family and married immigrant women and of the meaning of multicultural service for married immigrant women in public library and of 『multicultural library announcement』 by IFLA of USCO and 『multicultural library service guide line』 (2009) by IFLA were investigated.
To select subjects for foreign case investigation, five public library were finally chosen which responded to email investigation during a total of nine public library and public library cooperation which were proposed as the outstanding international practice examples by 『multicultural library service guide line』 by IFLA. Example investigation subjects comprise the Toronto public library, the Copenhagen public library, the Oslo public library, NewYork public library, and the Queensland state library.
Based on the literature research, advanced research and guidance on the multicultural service by each library, the method and contents of the four multicultural service types which are divided into data service, information service, program service were investigated and were compared comprehensively.
For domestic present condition investigation, a total of 103 library were investigated by library homepage and phone calls which were supported with service operation budget by '2014 multicultural library establishment and program support business' from the library information policy planning group in the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism.
According to the homepage and phone call investigation, a total of 96 public libraries provided multicultural services currently.
Based on the 68 people of the multicultural service librarian who were supposed to respond to the survey after the phone call interview, an online survey was implemented by email dispatch from April 28th 2014 to May 9th 2014 and responses were given for 42(61.8%) cases.
To conduct a survey for married immigrant women, visiting researches were conducted for 23 of the multicultural family support center in Seoul, the foreign citizen center designated as a multicultural village special zone in Ansan-si and the Ansan little multicultural library established in a citizen center and the Seoungbuk multicultural library which is launched as the first multicultural library in Seoul city.
As a result, the foreign citizen center in Ansan, the Ansan little multicultural library and the Seoungbuk multicultural library was finally chosen which accepted the visiting researches.
Out of the 45 attendees in Korean language classes for intermediate and high level which were provided in the foreign citizen center in Ansan, 33 married immigrant women were chosen. Out of the attendees in the Ansan little multicultural library, 22 married immigrant women, and out of the attendees in the Seoungbul multicultural library, 19 married immigrant women were chosen for the survey and survey questionnaires were distributed and 74 of them were collected. 69 of them were used for final analysis.
The result of this survey is as follows.
Firstly, positive response was shown by the librarian respondents in terms of the necessity for multicultural services for married immigrant women and 90.5% of the respondents answered an improvement of multicultural services for the married immigrant women was demanded.
Secondly, the number of the married immigrant women users who visited korean library turned out to be 50.7% and they visited to participate in education programs and in material lending and perusing. Also 29.3% of the non library visitors responded they had no idea about what this library does and answered they were not aware of its existence, pointing out the necessity of more active publicity activities.
Thirdly, highly positive responses were drawn for the librarians and the married immigrant women in terms of the multilingual materials for the married immigrant women. The married immigrant women mainly had an opinion that there are no book which can be read in their mother tongue which is the obstructive factor in using the multicultural services in public libraries.
Fourth, rather than the married immigrant women, the librarians were more aware of the importance of a professional labor force for multicultural services for the married immigrant women and of the importance of providing an opportunity for women to participate in volunteer work and social activities as a labor force for multicultural services for the married immigrant women.
Fifthly, in terms of establishing a guide line for multicultural services for the marriage immigrant female in public libraries, the librarian showed more positive response than the marriage immigrant respondents.
Sixthly, in relation with the improvement measures for the operation and content elements of the multicultural services for the married immigrant women, planning programs which reflects the lingual characteristics and interest of the married immigrant women, versatility of education programs and passage time reflecting the needs of the married immigrant women were considered.
Based on the above domestic and foreign case research, a proposal for the revitalization measures for the married immigrant women in public libraries is made which are divided into content element and environmental element.
In terms of the operation and content elements, firstly, the multicultural program for the married immigrant women should be diversified.
The married immigrant women have high interest in child education so programs should be developed considering interest of the married immigrant women.
Secondly, overlapping businesses employed for the married immigrant women in the same region by expanding the cooperation with other institution should be regulated and if possible, services and programs should be run based on the identity as a library.
Thirdly, various information and life information for the married immigrant women to settle in Korean is demanded by expanding information provision services.
Fourth, regional society research is demanded to comprehend the characteristics of the married immigrant women.
In terms of environmental elements, firstly, based on the results which investigate materials and characteristics from a demographic perspective of the married immigrant women in the regions to expand multi lingual material service, libraries comprising multi languages, foreign languages, korean language and bilingual should be prepared.
Secondly, expansion in the number of librarians with exclusive charge on the multicultural services for the married immigrant women is demanded for the improvement of human resources. For this, staff training associated with the multicultural services for the married immigrant women should be implemented. Also providing job by employing the married immigrant women for a part-time job and public work in libraries, aids should be given for the married immigrant women to settle in Korea and the married immigrant women should be given help in using libraries comfortably, just like using libraries in their home land as libraries employ native people as staffs.
Thirdly, even if married immigrant women do not comprehend Korean language, direction boards and welcome expressions should be installed in noticeable areas which use symbols of each country for active publicity to lead them to libraries directly.
Fourth, a guide line for the multicultural services in accordance with the present condition of domestic public library should be set. The characteristic of Korean multicultural society is that a multicultural family usually consist of korean male and marriage immigrant female. So married immigrant women is left in a status of information alienation. Considering this, a separate guidance should be set for them, investigating the demands and characteristics of the married immigrant women when planning the guideline for multicultural services. According to the above results, the demands of married immigrant women and the foreign and domestic present conditions and cases for the multicultural services in public libraries were investigated. Reflecting the deducted results based on these, a proposal for revitalization measures for the multicultural services for the married immigrant women in public library was suggested.
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