The objective of this study is to address the impact of locution and listening paralinguistic information of Japanese learners on their mother language, Korean. For this purpose, verbal information of Korean “Geuraeyo” or “Geurae” and Japanese...
The objective of this study is to address the impact of locution and listening paralinguistic information of Japanese learners on their mother language, Korean. For this purpose, verbal information of Korean “Geuraeyo” or “Geurae” and Japanese “Soudesuka” or “Sou” were divided into 5 intentions which are explanation, disappointment, indifference, suspicion and neutrality. Acoustic analysis was completed based on Korean’s Korean language, Japanese’s Japanese language, Korean learner’s Japanese language as test phonetics. Decision rate was calculated thru listening test for both speakers.
Based on the comparison of locution characteristics of paralinguistic information for Korean and Japanese, except for the fact that a rise was appeared in ‘Suspicion’ while the opposite was appeared in ‘Indifference’, ‘Explanation’, ‘Disappointment’ and ‘Neutral’ in Korean showed a rise but it showed a fall in Japanese in terms of formal expressions. In the meantime, ‘Explanation’ and ‘Indifference’ showed contrary result while ‘Disappointment’, ‘Suspicion’ and ‘Neutral’ showed similar results in terms of ordinary expressions. But, ‘Explanation’ in formal Korean expressions presented both rise and fall so this is considered as a common character for both Korean and Japanese. Korean language presented various patterns except for ‘Suspicion’ however, Japanese language presented constant rise except for ‘Suspicion’ which means Japanese language shows either constant rise or fall depending on the intentions. In addition, Korean and Japanese showed significant difference in terms of sustainment time of locution and both Korean and Japanese showed similar sustainment time of locution in every intention except for ‘Explanation’.
Korean and Japanese showed high decision rate for ‘Explanation’ for listening. In Korean, ‘Neutral’ presented the lowest decision rate while Japanese showed different results as ‘Indifference’ showed the lowest decision rate in formal expressions and ‘Suspicion’ showed the lowest decision rate in ordinary expressions.
While both of the languages showed high and stable decision rates for ‘Explanation’ and ‘Disappointment’ concerning formal expressions, low and unstable decision rates were shown for ‘Suspicion’ in Japanese and ‘Indifference’, ‘Neutral’ in Korean for ordinary expressions.
However, both Korean and Japanese presented the same characteristic that they made decisions on mother tongue locution based on acoustic characteristics of intentions rather than locution types.
After analyzing locution and listening of Japanese paralinguistic information for Korean native learning Japanese, Korean native showed a fall at the end of sentence except for ‘Indifference’ and ‘Suspicion’ in average. This is a distinguishable characteristic from locution of mother tongue acknowledging the difference of intonation depends on the intention of locution for Japanese and mother tongue in overall. But for some learners, interception by Korean language or showing none categorized intention was occurred due to confusion. Based on the result of analyzing Japanese listening characteristics of Korean natives, higher matching rate was shown among Korean natives for all intentions regarding making decisions on intentions of locution. According to the result of variance analysis, Korean natives consider both locution type and acoustic characteristic depending on intentions and this is why Korean natives showed higher decision rate for listening than Japanese natives in overall. In addition, Korean natives were not affected by nationality of originator or intentions for formal expression but they were affected by both of factors for ordinary expressions.
This research addressed paralinguistic information and listening for both Korean and Japanese focusing on pitch patterns, containment time for all, beginning and end of sentences.
It is considered that paralinguistic information transmission for Korean and Japanese involves many different acoustic characteristics such as width of pitch, F1 and F2 rate for vowel, average F0 rate for all or beginning of the sentence and more. Furthermore, it is needed to study various locution types and intentions and to conduct tests for Japanese natives to decide Korean natives’ Japanese locution intentions. Also effective and concrete study on methodology education is required to utilize this study for Japanese phonetics study.
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