The ultimate purpose of learning a foreign language is to command it as fluently as the native speakers. Learning complex sentences like embedded sentences would be the most difficult obstacle for the Korean learners. For foreigners, especially for na...
The ultimate purpose of learning a foreign language is to command it as fluently as the native speakers. Learning complex sentences like embedded sentences would be the most difficult obstacle for the Korean learners. For foreigners, especially for native speakers of English, the difficulty for learning embedded sentences is twofold: first, on the developmental perspective they are the most complex sentence forms which can be learned at the last stage; second, most of the grammatical properties of Korean are realized by the case particles and endings which are not existent in English. This dissertation aims at providing the teaching method of adnominal clauses tailored for the Korean learners from English speaking countries through the contrastive analysis of Korean and English.
For the methodology contrastive analysis and textbook analysis are used. Korean adnominal clauses are collected from the Korean novels and are compared to their English translations in terms of their syntactic and semantic characteristics. And three Korean textbooks are analyzed how they are dealing with adnominal clauses.
In chapter 2, it is shown that the Korean sentences can be categorized into several subtypes. And the process of adnominalization and the function and meaning of adnominal endings like ‘-(으)ㄴ, -는, -(으)ㄹ, -던’ are explained. The difference between the relative clauses and complimentary clauses are also surveyed. In addition, explanations on the bound nouns whose properties and meanings are determined by their proceeding adnominal clauses are also provided.
In chapter 3, adnominal clauses are selected from the four Korean novels: Human Decency by Ji Young Gong; I have the Right to Destroy Myself by Young-Ha Kim; Please Look After Mother by Kyung-sook Shin; The Last of Hanako by Yun Ch’oi, and they are compared with their corresponding English translations in terms of their syntactic and semantic features. The result of the contrastive analysis is as follows:
First, in the Korean adnominal clauses relative tenses in relation to the matrix sentences are frequently used. In contrast, in English adnominal clauses, they are converted into absolute tenses and expressed differently and this has to be emphasized to the learners while teaching Korean adnominal clauses. Second, the difference of word order between Korean and English can cause the learners from English speaking countries hard to locate the position of adnominal clauses. Therefore, exercises of locating them in short and long sentences are imperative. Third, as the meaning of bound nouns is determined by the grammatical forms of adnominal clauses which modify them, detailed informations about them with enough example sentences are necessary. In addition, each bound noun has to be explained in detail because there is no corresponding grammatical item in English.
In chapter 4, a new teaching method of Korean adnominal clauses is suggested. Before giving that suggestion, Korean textbooks are analyzed to know how they are dealing with Korean adnominal clauses: Sogang Korean, Yonsei Korean and Integrated Korean of Hawai‘i University.
The result of the analysis suggests us four points to be emphasized while teaching adnominal clauses: first, systematic and explicit explanation on them is necessary in terms of expansion of sentences; second, the explanation about how the adnominal clauses are formed and the exercise of forming actual adnominal clauses are necessary; third, it is necessary for the Korean learners to promote the understanding of the word order through the exercise of locating Korean adnominal clauses; fourth, it is necessary to explain how the bound nouns and adnominal clauses are connected and used.
From chapter 4.2 to 4.6 a new teaching method of Korean adnominal clauses tailored for the learners form the English speaking countries is suggested in consideration of the problems revealed by the contrastive analysis. First, the adnominal endings are listed and explained for the purpose of review and reference. Second, the difference of word order between the Korean and English adnominal clauses is explained and the exercise of locating them is provided. Third, in order to strengthen the ability of generating adnominal clauses, the explanation about the process of how two sentences are merged into one sentence and the exercise of adnominalization are provided. Fourth, it is pointed out that the tenses of the Korean adnominal clauses can be different from those of the English and then the difference is explained in detail to heighten the understanding about it. Fifth, bound nouns are classified into three groups according to the hardship that the English learners perceive and explanations and examples of their use are provided.
This dissertation could be meaningful in that a tailored teaching method of Korean adnominal clauses for the learners from the English speaking countries is provided through the contrastive analysis of Korean and English adnominal clauses and the textbook analysis. But there is a weak point that the study is proceeded on the unverified assumption that the Korean learners from the English speaking countries would suffer more hardship in understanding bound nouns whose corresponding English expressions are nonexistent. There is also another limit that not the colloquial but only written sentences from the novels are analyzed and thus just one aspect of Korean is dealt with. And it would be the researcher’s next task to prove the effect of the posited new teaching method of adnominal clauses empirically.
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