| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，德语论文，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 1897年11月1日的夜晚，两名德国布道士在山东省巨野县被杀戮。德国殖平易近者以此为托言，侵犯了胶州湾。1898年3月德国殖平易近者强制清当局签署了《胶澳租借单约》，并在青岛树立了其殖平易近统治，开端对本地居平易近实施殖平易近统治。与此同时，年夜批德国兵士、商人和布道士离开了青岛，以他们为载体的德国文明和以本地居平易近为载体的中国文明从此开端了碰撞与交换。身在青岛的那些德国布道士们作为特别群体应不克不及被疏忽。昔时年夜多半布道士生涯在本地村庄，与当也人接触亲密，这个特别群体的重要义务是布道，妄图把中国人改革成忠诚的基督徒，毫不勉强地归顺德国殖平易近统治。为达此目标，这些布道士们竭尽全力地采用多种手腕和一系列办法：好比除传统的成长信徒和树立教区之外，他们还积极建校办学，树立病院和孤儿院，造福本地居平易近，以此赢得中国人的好感。在来华的这些德国布道士们中央，卫礼贤可称得上是特例。卫礼贤原名理查德·威廉，1873年出身于德国图宾根，1899年作为德国同善会的布道士离开青岛。他自称“从未为一个中国人洗过礼”，成了一个“不布道的布道士”。卫礼贤在中国生涯了25年，前22年在青岛，后3年在北京。时代，他阅历了中国社会从义和团活动到辛亥反动，再到“五四新文明活动”的动乱与裂变。作为一位布道士，卫礼贤却一向热中于中国传统文明，与清代文明绅士来往甚篇，并与他们树立起深挚友情。1913年春，他在国粹年夜师劳乃宣指点下开端翻译《易经》，1923年在北京译毕，1924年在德国排印。除《易经》外，卫礼贤还将许多中国文明殿籍译成德语，如《论语》、《品德经》、《吕氏年龄》等。这些译著很快进入德国主流社会的视野，对像黑塞等现代德国常识精英发生了伟大的作用。另外，卫礼贤还撰写了多部对于中国和中国文明的作品，如《中国心灵》、《中国文学》、《中国文明史》、《中国哲学》等。个中，《中国心灵》早在1928年就被译成英文出书，在东方学界发生了深入作用。同时，卫礼贤对办学有着浓重的兴致，1901年春，在同善会的支撑与赞助下，卫礼贤在青岛树立了一所自力的校舍，将其命名为“礼贤书院”(今青岛九中)，与其他布道士办学形式分歧的是，礼贤书院其实不以让先生皈依基督教为目标。重要表列在礼贤书院内不开设宗教课，先生在进修东方迷信文明的同时，也要进修中国文明典籍。因办学功劳卓越，卫礼贤于1904年被清当局犒赏“四品顶戴”本文将联合跨文明专播的相干实际和1897至1914年其间青岛作为德国租借地这段汗青剖析德国文明与中国文明的碰撞和德车布道士卫礼贤为中德文明的流传与交换作出的进献。其详细表示在：卫礼贤为何被胸无点墨的中国文明所震动，进而偏离本身的本职任务，德语论文范文，为中国传统文明的流传贡献终生精神：毕竟有哪些身分促使卫礼贤从一个忠诚的基督教布道士改变成为一个中国传统文明的流传者，为东方世界懂得中国及其传统文明开启了一扇窗口；卫礼贤为译介中国传统文明毕竟作出了哪些严重进献，中德两国文明界对卫礼贤所作出的进献有何评价。 Abstract: On the night of November 1, 1897, two German priests were killed in Juye County, Shandong province. German colonial people as a carrier, violated the Jiaozhou bay. In March 1898, the German colonial authorities forced the Qing government to sign the "rubber Australia lease", and in Qingdao to establish its colonial rule, the beginning of the implementation of colonial rule. At the same time, a large number of German soldiers, merchants and missionaries left Qingdao, taking them as the carrier of German culture and to the local residents in the carrier of Chinese civilization from the beginning of the collision and exchange. The German monks in Qingdao, as a special group, should not be neglected. The annual night of celecoxib most cloth Taoist career in the local village, and when people are in close contact, the important duty of this special group of sermons, in an attempt to Chinese reform into a committed Christian, without reluctantly return to Shunde country colonial ruled nearly. In order to achieve this goal, the preacher who try to using a variety of means and a series of measures: like in addition to the traditional growing Christians and establish a parish outside, they also actively running school, establishing hospitals and orphanages, for the benefit of local residents, in order to win the Chinese people good feeling. In China the German cloth monks central Wei Lixian, can be regarded as the special case. Formerly known as Richard William Wilhelm, born in 1873 in Tuebingen, Germany, 1899 as a German with the good will of missionaries to leave Qingdao. He called himself "never for a Chinese wash first, become a" sermon preacher". Wei Lixian lived in China for 25 years, 22 years ago in Qingdao, after 3 years in Beijing. Time, he experienced the Chinese society from boxer to the revolution of 1911, and then to the unrest and fission of the "May Fourth New Culture Movement". As a preacher, Wei Lixian was always keen to Chinese traditional civilization, and Qing Dynasty Civil gentleman travel very article, and with them to establish a sincere friendship. In the spring of 1913, he in the quintessence of the eve of the division under the guidance of Lao Naixuan start translation "book of changes", 1923 in Beijing completed the translation, 1924 in Germany typography. In addition to the "book of changes", Wei Lixian also many Chinese civilization House books translated into German, such as "the Analects of Confucius", "moral", "Lu age" and so on. These translations quickly into the mainstream German society view, Hesse and other modern German knowledge elite like the great influence. In addition, Wei Lixian has also written a number of books about China and Chinese culture, such as "Chinese heart", "Chinese Literature", "in the history of Chinese civilization", "Chinese philosophy" and so on. Among them, "China mind" was translated into English published in early 1928, has had the profound influence in eastern scholars. At the same time, Wei Lixian take a strong interest in school, in spring 1901, in with the good will of the support and sponsorship, Wei Lixian in Qingdao has set an independent school, named "ritual Academy (now in Qingdao 9), in disagreement with other missionaries in the form of running a school is, Lixian Academy in fact not to let Mr. converted to Christianity as the goal. Important listed in Rhenish college does not offer Zong teach, Sir in Oriental learning science and civilization at the same time, also want to study classics of Chinese civilization. For school credit outstanding, Wei Lixian in 1904 was the authorities reward "four top wear" in this paper, the joint cross civilization designed sowing coherent practical and during the 1897 to 1914, Qingdao as the German concession the history analysis of German and Chinese civilization collision and German car missionary Wilhelm Germany civilization spread and exchange to make contribution. The detailed representation: Wei Lixian why be unlearned of Chinese civilization in the vibration, and from our own responsibility, for the Chinese traditional civilization spread with lifetime mental: after all, there are factors which prompted Richard Wilhelm from a faithful Christian missionaries changed to become a Chinese traditional civilization spread their, east of the world know China and traditional civilization to open a window; Wei Lixian for translation of Chinese traditional civilization after all made what important contribution, the Sino German cultural communities of Wei Lixian made contributions to comment. 目录: |
