A Buddhist temple is a place with a sacred and significant meaning that represents the overall history, culture, and environment of Buddhism in Korea. Buddhist temples are constructed with a focus on discipline, which is the fundamental purpose of Buddhism. It is a place where Buddha is honored and his lessons are taught, with all Three Jewels, the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha, and it is also referred to as the Bodhi Mandala (circle of awakening) for discipline. Moreover, it is a place where both Buddhist monks and the general public can seek repentance. Unlike the architectural style of general temples, a Buddhist temple is constructed based on a distinctive form in terms of site factors or design principles by following certain formalities and processes. The figures that form the basis are Mount Meru and the mandala. Both shapes represent specific yet intensive implications of Buddhist philosophy. Since earlier times, when Buddhism was introduced to Korea, Buddhist temples were mostly formalized based on the design principle of embodying the mandala. The mountain temples in the Goryeo and Joseon periods were based on the design principle of portraying the world of Mount Meru. However, the traditional Buddhist temples today lay more emphasis on spatial expansion, indiscreet extensions, and the role of a central hub for propagation, which occasionally results in ill-prepared construction of the space. In some cases, the basic spaces required by traditional Buddhist temples are distorted, thus transforming the distinctive form or shape. This study begins from the question of whether there is a way to accommodate cultural diversity by examining these issues with regard to the locational conditions. The Jeondeungsa Temple was examined as a traditional Buddhist temple, and the spatial structure of a general mountain temple was investigated as well. Located in Onsu-ri, Gilsang-myeon, Ganghwa-gun, Incheon, the Jeondeungsa Temple is Korea’s oldest Buddhist temple and is a cultural heritage that represents the earliest history of Ganghwado island, which is the fifth largest island in Korea. It has long received attention as a strategic point that guards the heart of the Korean Peninsula. Located on this island, the Jeondeungsa temple is a national shrine with the story that Dangun made his three sons (princes) build one peak each. It is also referred to as the Jeongjoksanseong Fortress, and the temple is located in the northeastern area inside the fortress. There were initially four gates for entrance, but currently, only two—South Gate and East Gate—are used. Visitors walk through the inner side of the fortress from the entrance to reach the temple, which naturally leads to the world of Buddhism (the grounds) and allows them to adopt a pious attitude. This study determined the features of a mountain temple, i.e., harmony with the surroundings, traditionality of facilities, and major plantations at the temple, by examining the traffic lines of tourists and visitors of various age groups. It also analyzed the changes in history, topography and land features, and the current state of use, and elicited the archetype unique to Buddhist temples. This study began with the aim of determining the features and values of the traditional Buddhist Jeondeungsa temple and enhancing its position as a cultural heritage. To understand the Jeondeungsa temple site, the historicity, users, and land, and to compare and understand the spatial structure of traditional mountain temples and other general temples were examined. The study also focused on the efforts taken to protect the traditionality and cultural artifacts for people who currently have begun to gradually pursue naturalism, i.e., experiencing the cultural heritage on visits, rather than merely sightseeing. This study also determined what aspects of Buddhist life can be easily experienced and felt in the daily lives of ordinary people. However, there are limitations to this study as it failed to conduct direct surveys for a long period of time on topics such as the method of using the space or the related inconveniences and benefits, targeting users such as Buddhist monks, tourists, visitors, and Buddhists. There is a lot of potential in this field in terms of the opportunities to realize the culture and space of a traditional Buddhist temple and the possibility of developing and implementing specific programs in various ways. ，韩语毕业论文，韩语论文 |
