This study aims at identifying structural difficulties that social enterprises operated by the group of artist have through a case study. The social enterprises are needed for artists as the organizations providing good jobs and expected to be continu... This study aims at identifying structural difficulties that social enterprises operated by the group of artist have through a case study. The social enterprises are needed for artists as the organizations providing good jobs and expected to be continuously maintained by making up social deficiencies. And among them, this study targeted especially 'Bookteller’s Quilt' and qualitative inhaltsanalyse on the enterprises was conducted. In case of 'Bookteller’s Quilt', actors who did not know each other launched a temporary project, established a social enterprise, and run it for about 8 years old. The enterprise is different from other art groups in that it is an institutionally approved art group and its members work full time and run the enterprise in a way of running a cooperative. Considering other previous studies, it seems that social enterprises by the group of artist have structural difficulties such as value conflict since the members pursue artistic value, social value, and economic value at the same time and they also have institutional isomorphism pressure at an organizational level. Value conflict seems to be related to autonomy and dependency of each value. Also, institutional isomorphism seems to be related to autonomy that small groups can have. The studies dealing with value conflict identified structural attributes of values through relationship between autonomy and dependency of artistic values. In studying relationship between autonomy and conflict, It might be necessary to relate social enterprises pursuing public interests and trying to harmonize cooperation and competition at the same time and "a systematic diversion of ends (Bourdieu, 1975)". Accordingly, I would like to analyze value conflict and convention (Becker, 1982) of the art society and dilemma of autonomy and dependency of artistic labor along with approach of autonomy and dependency based on relevant theories. 'Bookteller’s Quilt' makes a decision through a general meeting, a special system of social enterprise. Conflicts induce a general meeting and coordinated decisions are made through the meeting. As time goes by, the decisions become conventions and finally justified. Comparing the initial status and later convention, change of relationship between values can be observed. Identifying conventions, it may be possible to figure out reasons for time-variant conflicts depending on conventions or the mechanisms to control conflicts. Based on this theoretical background, inhaltsanalyse was carried out with the framework “value-conflict-decision-convention-relationship between values in convention” and the concepts of autonomy and dependency. As the result, it was identified that social enterprises by the group of artist have structural difficulties such as conflicts between artistic values and other values and they have been consistently under the pressure of systematic isomorphism. When 'Bookteller’s Quilt' started, the members’ principle was becoming artists who do performance and educate people at the same time while working full time as other office workers. At that time, it was proposed to have identity as artist, that is, “actor as worker”, not “actor controlled by director” but it has become a convention. Given analysis on periodic flow that cause and effect can be analogized, conflicts between social values when a group is formed are coordinated through artistic services that social values are considered and become a current convention. In other words, conflicts between social values at the time of establishment are transferred to conflicts between educational value (social value) and artistic value. 'Bookteller’s Quilt' has avoided business diversification and narrowed down the scope of social values to concentrate on certain areas and coordinate conflicts. Based on the scope narrowed down, it has related effects of performance and those of educational activities and establish the current convention. Going through such period, efforts of the members have been rewarded thanks to recognition of colleagues and audience. Consequently, the members have competitively concentrated on achievement from providing non-institutional artistic services which were not admitted as art and finally, the services have been recognized institutionally as art. Understanding values by focusing on social values has led to possibility of rich expression so the conflict between social values and art has been resolved. Experiencing this process, 'Bookteller’s Quilt' is currently showing a similar trend to “a systematic diversion of ends (Bourdieu, 1975)”. On the other hand, autonomy has been individualized so the members have had conflicts due to economic value but the conflicts have been coordinated as the members officially announced that their identity has changed from “identity as artist” to “artist leaving an organization”. However, the conflicts are now under the process of becoming a convention so there is room left for conflicts. It seems that consistent pressure has not led to isomorphism since autonomy of the organization has been maintained. Uniqueness of the organization established based on conventions caused by conflicts seems to be related to obtaining the organization’s autonomy through competitions to learn expressions achieved after understanding “artistic authority” and social values and the ones to gain artistic authority. Maintaining direct democracy, not formal democracy, and admitting diversity which can be source of conflicts have been conducive to maintaining autonomy of the organization. Here, “identity as artist leaving an organization” plays its role.
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