In the history of Japanese modern literature, Dazai Osamu(1909-1948) is a monumental writer. In 1948, No Longer Human’s manuscript as a medium-length story is completed. No Longer Human is today considered the literature for the springtime of life w... In the history of Japanese modern literature, Dazai Osamu(1909-1948) is a monumental writer. In 1948, No Longer Human’s manuscript as a medium-length story is completed. No Longer Human is today considered the literature for the springtime of life which is taken reading to young Japanese readers. In human relations, the agony of the ‘world’ that the protagonist, Oba Yozo experiences, is essentially related to lifes of modern humans. In this regard, No Longer Human is certainly a work that gives a new meaning by going across a period to readers. As the work that deals with the suffering of Yozo’s life, No Longer Human concretely handles a sense of alienation about human life developed in relation with the ‘world’. This work brings up diverse questions concerning humans and the ‘world’ as ‘others’ through the main character, Yozo. Since the ‘world’ to Yozo is incomprehensible ‘others’, this ‘world’ is the object being at odds with others. However, Yozo being faced with the apprehended ‘world’ is trembling with fear in relation to others. Even though he attempts to look for his nest in the ‘world’, Yozo eventually becomes a ‘disqualified person’ deprived of human qualification. In this way, the ‘world’ that Yozo who is harassed by worldly passions is not the ‘world’ as ideology, but the ‘world’ which an individual experiences in human relationships. In No Longer Human, the disputed ‘world’ is formed in human relationships. In association with relationships to others surrounding Yozo, to examine closely the essence of the ‘world’ that Yozo himself experiences is very important in this study. Otherwise, it is just the theory of ‘amae(甘え)’ (playing on another’s affection) examined and systematized by Doi Takeo to be available to understand Yozo’s life in the face of the ‘world’. In Yozo, the fear of human relationships and the sense of alienation from the ‘world’ is a result that the feeling of uneasiness about the ‘world’ without ‘amae’ is amplified. Therefore, this study proposes to read the perception of the ‘world’ fleshed out in the main character Yozo’s eyes, appearing in No Longer Human by making use of Doi Takeo’s theory of ‘amae’ psychology. In order to achieve the goal of this study, in chapter 2, I preferentially dealt with the theory of ‘amae’ psychology. Based on Doi’s theory of ‘amae’, in chapter 3, I analyzed his home background, his parents, the relationships of and with others, and the deep distrust about people as the element to perform the absence of ‘amae’s experience in Yozo of the boyhood. In chapter 4, I considered the ‘world’ that can not play on affection and that can play on affection experienced by Yozo. Further, I handled the character of human category of the object to play on affection and to not play on affection. Finally, in chapter 5, I looked into human relationships connected by the experience of ‘amae’ and the loss of ‘amae’ Particularly, among national foreign researchers, there is preceding research involving the psychology of the Japanese ‘amae’ and the concept of the ‘world’ in No Longer Human. Particularly, Son Jae-Hi considers the main cause and the process of No Longer Human of Yozo by grafting the psychology of the Japanese ‘amae’ upon the culture of shame. She makes a conclusion that Yozo denies himself who must live as human being in that ‘world’ and regards himself as broken-away from the ‘world’ by disqualifying himself in the ‘world’. She comes to the conclusion that Yozo plays on affection to all women having relationships with Yozo except Yoshiko, that is older women (Shizuko, Tsuneko, Prostitutes, and Madam), and to the whole family of his hometown. However, this study draws a difference in contrast with Son Jae-Hi’s preceding research. This study makes a division as three classes concerning ‘amae’ formed in the human relationships of Yozo. Firstly, there is just the ‘world’ that Yozo can not play on affection (family, Shizuko, and Hirame). Secondly, there is the ‘world’ that Yozo can play on affection (Tsuneko, Prostitutes, and Madam). Finally, it is the ‘world’ that Yozo can play on affection and that he has lost ‘world’ (Shigeko, Yoshiko, and Horiki). In conclusion, with reference to the human relationships of Yozo, this study investigated human relationships in the ‘world’ that can not play on affection, in the ‘world’ that ‘amae’ is allowed, and in the duplex ‘world’, that is, the ‘world’ that ‘amae’ is allowed and the ‘world’ that ‘amae’ is lost. Moreover, to consider carefully regarding the true human life which Dazai’s No Longer Human suggests, this study synthesized the concept of the ‘world’ that Yozo realizes and grasps. ，韩语论文，韩语论文网站 |
