This study start from how to reduce the rate of accidents of military aircraft caused by human error. The research was to extend previous examinations of several aviation accidents associated with human error of commercial and military aviation. As a ... This study start from how to reduce the rate of accidents of military aircraft caused by human error. The research was to extend previous examinations of several aviation accidents associated with human error of commercial and military aviation. As a result of researching, many aircraft accidents related with human factors in different cultures. Although percentages vary, most would agree that somewhere between 70% and 80% of aviation accidents are attributable, at least in part, to human error. Geert Hofstede noticed human’s error and classified national cultures into four dimensions of that countries, two of which can be applied to the flight deck: power distance, which defines the nature of relations between subordinates and superior, or how often subordinates are afraid to express disagreement; and whether the culture is collectivist or individualist in nature. Western cultures are individualistic and have a low power distance, whereas most Asian and Latin cultures are on the other side of the spectrum. Low power-distance and high individualism in Western culture may have contributed to a better safety record than in Asia countries. In a more collectivist society like Korea, a possible explanation for this might be that personal decision-making skills are not as developed. In Western society, the power-distance is lower in general; making decisions, implementing them, and taking responsibility for their consequences is part of their life, making personal decisions easier to make. Counties culture can affect aviation safety through its effect on how the flight crew deals with difficult situations; cultures with lower power distances can result in better aviation safety outcomes. In higher power cultures subordinates are less likely to question their superiors. The crash of Korean Air Flight 801 in 1997 at Guam was attributed to the pilot's decision to land despite the first officer's disagreements, The crashes have been blamed on aspects of the national cultures of the crews. Although crew resource management(CRM) can improve safety in the aviation, it is not widely accepted across all cultures and countries. This is likely due to differences in uncertainty avoidance, or the need for rule-governed behavior and clearly defined procedures. Standard operating procedures are more easily accepted in high uncertainty avoidance cultures, such as Korea, Greece, and some Latin cultures. In the United States, however, where flexibility is emphasized, pilots may not be as accepting of CRM culture. Improvements can be made to CRM by drawing on the strengths of both individualistic cultures. Western assertiveness can be helpful in developing a low power-distance cockpit, while the Eastern interdependence brings cooperation, interdependence, and communication to create a safer flying environment. Most of all, to reduce aviation accidents, aviation employees focus on PDI & TAG. The reduction the power distance and keep the balance of the authority gradient in the cockpit between both pilot only lead to prevention of aircraft accidents and aviation safety. ，韩语论文网站，韩语论文网站 |
