북한 정권의 '지도자상징정치'에 관한 연구 (2)[韩语论文]

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In this , the concept of ‘image symbolization' is derived through the theoretical review of images and symbols. and this concept will be applied to the three leaders of North Korea: Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and Kim Jong Un respectively. In ad...

In this , the concept of ‘image symbolization' is derived through the theoretical review of images and symbols. and this concept will be applied to the three leaders of North Korea: Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and Kim Jong Un respectively. In addition, will be explored in depth as well as strategies concerning North Korean political and institutional symbol manipulation. Throughout this study, I was able to conduct a thorough investigation on the "political ruler symbology" of the North Korean regime. The main task of the was to examine and compare the 'process of symbolizing the image of the leaders' of the North Korean rulers. So, I included not only Kim Jong Un but also Kim Jong Il and Kim Il Sung. Although the scope of the research is far��reaching, there may be limitations in its accuracy. However, it is not an appropriate research method to attract only one regime, and it can not yet yield meaningful results. Because, the symbolism of North Korea 's leaders is very closely linked to the three generations of the Kim dynasty in North Korea. At present, the Kim Jong Un regime seems to be sustained by two big axis: repressive terrorism and leader symbolism. Therefore, leader symbolism and political research is another mirror in which we can view North Korea properly. Nevertheless until recently, North Korean leader symbolism and political research has only been carried out very sporadically by the mainstream. The reason for this is that leadership political symbology is directly related to 'leader idolization', and because of this it is regarded as cultural and religious research. Of course, it is not possible to leave out 'leader idolization' in studying leadership political symbology. This is because the leader’s image and the symbolism of the leader is expressed throughout the idolization works. Therefore, this study describes the process of the domination by the leaders as well as the process of idolization of the North Korean leaders at the beginning of the . However, by focusing on the image of the leader and the symbolism, I tried to differentiate it from the studies of the idolization of the existing leaders. In the process of symbolizing the leader’s image, it is important to select representative images amongst the various images that the leaders have in the first place. Therefore, this study defined the representative image of Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and Kim Jong Un respectively, and tracked the symbolization process of these images in a detailed manner. In addition, this explores the links and differences between the characteristics of these three common leaders while using the North Korean Chosun Central Yearbook (1949��2015) as a key resource. Through the results of this research, I could identify the following political ruler symbology of North Korea. These are the results obtained by analyzing 'the symbolization process of the leader images' First, the North Korean regime does not create or symbolize the image of the leader at any time. In other words, the timing is very closely linked to attaining leadership. Second, all of the leader images that are created and constructed are not all symbolic. This is very closely related to the unique characteristics of North Korea's hereditary rule. Third, the ruler’s symbolic position in terms of rank is Kim Il Sung> Kim Jong Il> Kim Jung Un. This is not directly proportional to the ruler's symbolic status. Fourth, North Korea has a very strategic approach to the common image of its leaders. In other words, they have to manipulate the images to utilize as propaganda that originates from South Korean followers. The following is the results of a review of the types and strategies of North Korean political and institutional symbol manipulation. Likewise, the symbolic status of leader Kim Il Sung was the highest. But this is a separate issue from the strength of North Korea's political ruler symbology. First, in terms of political mythology, Kim Jong Un had the most intense anecdotal symbol manipulation. The order is as follows: Kim Jung Un> Kim Jong Il> Kim Il Sung. Second, the iconic character of the hero 's sacrifice was the highest during the Kim Il Sung period. As Kim Jong Il and Kim Jung Eun came into power, the importance of sacrificial iconography had gradually faded. Third, the North Korean regime strongly enforced institutional symbolic manipulation of the religious doctrine in order to monopolize legitimacy. Fourth, the management techniques utilized of the power elite in terms of 'rebel creation' is the strongest in the Kim Jong Un regime. As such, at the present, the Kim Jong Un regime uses political ruler symbology more often than Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il did. This demonstrates that Kim Jong Un 's leadership and the stability of the regime are relatively weaker than those of Kim Jong Il and Kim Il Sung. Currently, Kim Jong Un is working more intensely on using repressive terrorism and fear tactics on the elites. Unlike Kim Jong Il who made use of 'transactional leadership' as the ruling method by placating to the desires of the elite. This is also the basis for the evaluation that Kim Jong Un's leadership is weaker than Kim Jong Il and Kim Il Sung. In this way, the methods used by the dictatorship of the present Kim Jung Un regime and this form of political ruler symbology can be seen as precarious measures that come from a lack of leadership. This research does not clearly provide the relationship between functional relation of 'political ruler symbology' and leadership itself. It mearly ends by suggesting inter relationship between two. Therefore, follow up research of functional corelation of two. The implications of this study is that political ruler symbology of the North Korean regime should not be ignored in the field of North Korean research. Furthermore, it can be proven that political ruler symbology is the main factor for evaluating the stability of the Kim Jong Un regime. In addition, I think that it can function as a mirror to provide an inside view regarding the character of the Kim Jung Un regime in a balanced way. Therefore, it can be expected that not only this research itself is valuable, but it will also be an effective contribution to the establishment of North Korean unification policy.

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