Cylindrical pottery is similar to the Japanese Haniwa and refers to the pottery around the tomb mounds of the three kingdoms period in the Yeongsan River basin. Studies on cylindrical pottery have been concentrated on the issue of origin, but recently...
Cylindrical pottery is similar to the Japanese Haniwa and refers to the pottery around the tomb mounds of the three kingdoms period in the Yeongsan River basin. Studies on cylindrical pottery have been concentrated on the issue of origin, but recently diverse research trends have been invigorated as excavation cases of cylindrical potteries begins to increase. Nevertheless, the limitations of the current research situation result from, more than anything, the lack of data. Such a phenomenon seems capable of being resolved by researching the cylindrical potteries themselves.
The dissertation attempts to research the production method of cylindrical potteries by means of experimental archeology. To do this, the study selected production models from a total of five items by distinguishing cylindrical potteries excavated in the Yeongsan River basin into type I, in which a bottom was present, and type Ⅱ, in which as bottom was absent, and thereby, reproduced potteries based on traditional pottery-making techniques.
Researchers in the history of cylindrical pottery research have held that type I of cylindrical pottery has been formed only by way of poterry shaping in regular position. However, the experiment results reveal that the cylindrical potteries excavated from the no. 8 Naju Bokam-ri tomb were formed not by poterry shaping in regular position but poterry shaping in prefabricated position and that they were produced using a clay tablet. Furthermore, they included an inverted standing process to form the pottery by folding the hole of the bottom, and the fact that the upper part was combined after separate formation by cumulation agrees with the productions methods of excavated articles from the no. 8 Bokam-ri tomb and the no. 9 Shinchon-ri tomb.
The excavated potteries from the square-based tomb at Okya-ri Yeongam were cumulately formed. The method of formation by pressing with the hands during formation in the case of a protrusion seems difficult for adjusting the gap between lateral fine lines. Therefore, the researcher determines that it was pressed and produced using tools after production.
The excavated potteries form the no. 9 Naju Shinchon-ri tomb include both the cylindrical shape and the jar shape. The traces of red clay bands observed in the cross section agrees with a production method involving the poterry shaping in inverted position. Four production experiments revealed that the jar shapes were produced using poterry shaping in prefabricated position, not poterry shaping in inverted position, and the reason for this was to reduce the danger of production failure rather then a problem of production tradition.
The excavated potteries from Wolgye-dong Gwangju were revealed to have been capable of cumulate formation through cumulate technique experiments. If researchers seek to claim that the Wolgye-dong potteries adopted poterry shaping in inverted position for the purpose of easy production, other reasons must be found for their adoption.
Both the opinion regarding the raised bands produced to mesh with the upper and lower parts of the cylindrical potteries from the no. 2 Wolgye-dong tomb, as the problem of adhesion, and, on the other hand, the claim that this is the proof of prefrabricated formation require reconsideration. The formation of raised bands are made possible when friction is reduced by increasing relative turgidity when producing the raised bands, so there seems to be a problem to the assumption that the raised bands in front increases adhesion.
Kilns that fired cylindrical potteries have yet to be discovered in the Yeongsan River basin, but the fact that the totally different pottery type of big jar-coffins and cylindrical potteries display similar mood of baking including varnishing with red lacquer seems to allow the assumption that they were produced and baked. Also, the succession of inverted standing production techniques can be found in big jar-coffin production, which is a culture of traditional talent lines of the Yeongsan River basin, and it is assumed that the origin of inverted standing techniques existed beforehand.
Clearly, cylindrical pottery is similar in shape to Haniwa, but that in itself is not proof enough to assume that its production techniques were acquired from Haniwa. The present researcher believes the tradition of decorating the mound with potteries were shared but each tradition developed separately according to their pottery production techniques, and such tendencies can be found from the different production methods of cylindrical potteries excavated at the no. 2 Naju Bokam-ri tomb and the no. 8 Bokam-ri tomb, and from the fact that cylindrical potteries excavated from the pit at the no. 16 Naju Bokam-ri tomb show sound production techniques in accordance to traditional talent lines. The style of cylindrical pottery seems to have been at an experimental stage involving complicated challenges with several daring elements, devoid of unity, up to the period when excavation articles were found in the square-based tomb at Okya-ri, Yeongam.
The present dissertation is significant in that it is the first production and experimentation research on cylindrical potteries. In the future, studies on cylindrical potteries must carry out on the environment of the establishment, baking atmosphere, and cultural background of cylindrical pottery.
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