| 我国现行宪律例定来看,外面上是曾经树立背宪审查轨制,但可以说它是一个“空的”,由于我国背宪审查轨制还没有树立健全,只是把“背宪审查”作为监视宪法的有用办法,在宪法监视轨制中作了划定,是以在操作进程中未施展其有用的感化,还没有具有可诉性、缺少可实用性,有待于完美。习近平强调,“宪法的性命在于实行,宪法的威望也在于实行”。在我国背宪行动仍有时产生,这不只仅是侵占了国民的根本权力,对宪法的威望性也有伤害。若何可以或许提出又相符世界宪政成长潮水,又能与中国的现实情形符合合的背宪审查轨制,学者们对国外各类背宪审查轨制停止研究,为了完美我国宪政轨制做出了很多进献。本文中笔者是选择了韩国作为研究对象。来由是韩国在开国宪法中曾经树立了背宪审查轨制,以后跟着政治形式的变更,前后采取过宪法委员会形式背宪审查轨制、宪法裁判所形式背宪审查轨制、司法审查形式背宪审查轨制等。经由过程赓续地测验考试,1987年韩国胜利地移植了相符本身国情的宪法裁判所形式背宪审查轨制,这一轨制在韩国宪政成长中起到了无足轻重的感化,值得我们自创进修。本文是共分五个章节。第一部门重要引见了背宪审查轨制的相干内容；第二部门是联合韩国汗青引见了韩国背宪审查轨制的演化进程；第三部门是引见了韩国背宪审查轨制的背宪审查主体、审核对象、审查法式和它的价值等；第四部门是引见了中国的宪法监视轨制的汗青沿革及缺点并研究了韩国背宪审查轨制对于中国宪政扶植的实际自创意义；第五部门是总结。 Abstract: The term of our country existing constitutional statutes, the outside is once set back the constitutional review of the rail system, but you can say it is a "empty", because China back the constitutional review of the rail system has not been established, but the "back the constitutional review of the" constitution surveillance as a useful way, designated in the constitution supervision system, is in in the process of operation did not display the useful effect, also does not have can be actionable, the lack of practicability, the need to be perfect. Xi Jinping stressed that the Constitution's life lies in the implementation of the constitution, the authority also lies in the implementation of". In our country, it is not only the basic power of the citizens, but also the prestige of the constitution. How can we may propose and conform to the world of constitutional development tide, and with China's actual situation with the back the constitutional review of the rail system, the scholars of abroad all kings of the constitutional review of the rail system research, in order to perfect our country constitutional government system made many contributions. In this paper, the author chose the South Korea as the research object. Reason is that South Korea in the founding of the constitution have established back constitution of censorship, after follow the political form of change, and taken the Constitutional Council form back constitution of censorship, constitutional adjudication form back constitution of censorship, the form of Judicial Review back the constitutional review of the rail system and so on. Through gengxu to test, 1987 victory Korea transplanted conform to its own national conditions of constitutional adjudication form back constitution of censorship, the track of in the growth of the Korean constitution plays a pivotal role, worthy of our own study. This article is divided into five chapters. The first part mainly introduces the back of constitution censorship of relevant content; Second Department is a united Korea history introduced the evolution process of the South Korea back the constitutional review of the rail system; the third sector is to introduce a South Korea back constitution censorship of back constitution review subject, object audit, review procedures and its value; the fourth department is introduced China's constitution surveillance system history evolution and shortcomings and to discuss the Korea back the constitutional review of the rail system of constitutional government of China to foster the practical significance; part five is a summary. 目录: 摘要 6-7 Abstract 7-8 引言 11-12 第一章 违宪审查的相关内容 12-15 1.1 违宪审查制度的概念 12 1.2 违宪审查制度基本模式的介绍 12-15 1.2.1 司法机关违宪审查模式 12-13 1.2.2 立法机关违宪审查模式 13 1.2.3 专门机关违宪审查模式 13-14 1.2.4 三种违宪审查模式的比较及其价值 14-15 第二章 韩国违宪审查模式的发展历程 15-19 2.1 第一共和国时期的宪法委员会及其价值 15 2.2 第二共和国时期的宪法裁判所及其价值 15-16 2.3 第三共和国时期的司法审查及其价值 16-17 2.4 第四共和国时期的新宪法委员会及其价值 17 2.5 第五共和国时期的新宪法委员会及其价值 17 2.6 1987年后的新宪法裁判所及其价值 17-19 第三章 现行韩国违宪审查制度的介绍及其价值 19-29 3.1 违宪审查的主体 19-20 3.1.1 韩国宪法裁判所的性质 19 3.1.2 韩国宪法裁判所的组织 19-20 3.2 违宪审查的对象 20-22 3.3 违宪审查的程序 22-26 3.3.1 一般审判程序 22-24 3.3.2 特殊审判程序 24-26 3.4 韩国违宪审查制度的价值 26-29 3.4.1 提高了韩国人民人权意识 26-27 3.4.2 推动了韩国民主制度发展 27 3.4.3 做出对韩国法治建设贡献 27-29 第四章 对我国宪法监督制度的启示 29-35 4.1 我国宪法监督制度的特点 29 4.2 中国违宪审查制度存在的问题 29-31 4.2.1 审查主体模糊不清 30 4.2.2 审查方式和审查对象不够完善 30-31 4.2.3 违宪审查程序不够细致 31 4.2.4 没有配套的违宪制裁机制 31 4.3 韩国违宪审查制度对我国的启示 31-35 4.3.1 制度的引进应尊重原有的基本制度 31-32 4.3.2 宪法裁判所的设置 32-33 4.3.3 构建配套的违宪审查程序 33-35 第五章 结语 35-36 参考文献 36-39 致谢 39-40 附录 (攻读学位期间发表论文目录) 40 |
