The major purpose of this thesis is to investigate Chinese negative words in Chinese and Korean, then find out the same, similar and different forms, and the same and different meanings.
In history, Chinese words were used as the only language in K...
The major purpose of this thesis is to investigate Chinese negative words in Chinese and Korean, then find out the same, similar and different forms, and the same and different meanings.
In history, Chinese words were used as the only language in Korea, till now Chinese words are widely used in Korean. There was a vocabulary innovation of Chinese words in 1950, ancient Chinese words were changed to modern Chinese words. Most Chinese words used in Korean are ancient Chinese words. These are called ‘traditional Chinese’ in China, and modern Chinese words used in China now, which are called ‘simplified Chinese’.
Korean vocabulary can be seperated to three parts: inherent words, Chinese words, and loanwords, and Chinese words account for about 70% in Korean. Korea national language academe published “New Words in 2002” in 2003, this book stated that 408 new words occurred in Korean, which include 82 Chinese words, and 204 Korean inherent and Chinese compound words. Thus, the Chinese words account for a very large proportion in Korean. In Korean, a negative word is put front a word to create a new word which expresses negative meaning, the negative word is called negative prefix word. Korean negative prefix word includes inherent negative prefix word and Chinese negative prefix word. Chinese negative prefix word consists ‘Bu, Mi, Mol, Mu, Bi'. This thesis mainly focus on the investigation for the difference between Chinese negative prefix words combine with Korean and Chinese, and their detailed explanations.
Language is a important tool for communication. Language can be divided into positive form and negative form, but normally negative words can express meaning more effective than positive words.
This thesis mainly focus on the comparison and investigation for the meaning and form of the Chinese words which used in Chinese and Korean, then find out the commons and difference. This thesis sets ‘Bu, Mi, Mol, Mu, Bi’ as major content, by the comparison and investigation for the Chinese negative words in Chinese and Korean, the form and meaning can be divided into four types: same form and same meaning, same form with different meanings, similar forms with same meaning, and different forms with same meaning. Furthermore, there is another type which is that the Chinese negative prefix word is used in Korean now, but not used in Chinese.
The explanations for all Chinese and Korean words are referenced by dictionaries. The explanations for Korean words are referenced by “Standard Korean Language Dictionary”, the explanations for Chinese words are referenced by “Modern Chinese Language Dictionary” and “Common Chinese Vocabulary Explanation Dictionary”. This thesis presents the comparison and explanation of 270 pairs of negative words from Korean and Chinese, which are different on forms or meanings.
English letters ‘ABCDEFGH’ are used in the thesis to distinguish the forms of Korean words and Chinese words. ‘ABCD’ means that the Korean negative words, and ‘EFGH’ means that the Chinese negative words. For example, the comparison between Korean ‘不告’and Chinese ‘不告訴’was expressed by ‘AB:ABE’.
The chapter 2 of this thesis mainly include the concept of prefix word, the concept of negative prefix word in Korean, and the concept of negative prefix word in Chinese. Also include the usage and the combination feature of negative prefix words’ Bu, Mi, Mol, Mu, Bi’ in Korean and Chinese.
The chapter 3 of this thesis mainly include the investigation and comparison of negative prefix words ‘Bu, Mi, Mol, Mu, Bi’ and their combination negative words which use in Korean and Chinese, then find out the difference of their forms and meanings. By the analysis of different situations, which include 17 ‘same forms with different meanings’ negative words such as ‘無名’in Korean and Chinese have different meanings, and 205 ‘similar forms with same meanings’ negative words such as ‘不納’in Korean has the same meaning with ‘不交納’in Chinese, and 34 ‘different forms with same meanings’ negative words such as ‘不失’in Korean has the same meaning with ‘沒丢’in Chinese. There is a special situation that 14 negative prefix words are found which used in Korean but not used in Chinese such as ‘不買賣’，and ‘無醫村’.
The chapter 4 of this thesis presented the difference between negative prefix words in Korean and Chinese, and their explanation by table.
This thesis mainly presented the difference of the forms and meanings of negative words between Korean and Chinese by detailed investigation. The result will provide convenient conditions to Korean learners and Korean language education efficiently and effectively.
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