This study intends to consider syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties of subjects which is marked variable case markers and hereby to reveal the principle which governs case marking of subjects in Korean. In this article, we focus on providing m... This study intends to consider syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties of subjects which is marked variable case markers and hereby to reveal the principle which governs case marking of subjects in Korean. In this article, we focus on providing more convincing explanations about issues which has been suggested by preceding studies. At the same time, we focus on revealing the principle which governs case marking of subjects in Korean. Particularly, we seek an in-depth study of case and subject to overcome the limits of preceding studies and with this we try to offer reasonable and systemic explanation through the case marking in subjects. Chapter 2 is fundamental discussion of theoretical premise and grammatical model which this study is based on. First, we suggest the goal of linguistic study that we persue. And we discuss grammatical model and framework of linguistic analysis which this article postulates. At the same time, we argue the interactions of grammatical levels which is center of our grammatical model. In our grammatical models, sentence is regarded as a result of interactions of grammatical levels. So our view on grammaticality is different from the prevailing view. Consequently we discuss the range of grammaticality. Chapter 3 is argument concerning case and subject which is key notions in this study. This argument is very important to explain the principles of case marking of subject in chapter 4 and 5. In 3.1, we examine the definition and classification of case. First we examine the way how preceding studies have understood case and suggest our definition of case which is based on essential functions of case. Then we examine the problems which may comes up when we follow in our definition of case and considering these problems we suggest case system of Korean. In 3.2 we examine the problem associated with subject in Korean. Before the starting the discussion, we suggest the argumentations of grammatical function and semantic role, which are fundamental notions of discussion of subject. On the basis of these preparatory discussions, we examine the traditional definitions of subject which are suggested by various grammars and make a suggestion of definition of subject. At the same time, we argue the subjecthood test on the basis of our definition of subject. Finally, we examine the properties of syntactic subject in view of grammaticalization of subject and consider the problems related to subject in Korean carefully in terms of grammaticalization of subject. Chapter 4 is discussion of nominative marker ‘i/ka’ and ‘kkeyse’. The marking of ‘i/ka’ and ‘kkesye’ is most affected by pragmatic factors. So we concentrate on pragmatic functions of these case markers and pragmatic factors which govern these case markers. In 4.1, on the basis of topic and focus which are fundamental notion of information structure we examine the semantic and pragmatic function of ‘i/ka’. Moreover we pay attention to the problems concerning non-occurrence of nominative marker. Thereby we try to reveal the factors which govern occurrence and non-occurrence of nominative marker and to suggest the interpretations of non-occurrence of nominative marker in Korean case system. In 4.2, we discuss ‘kkeyse’ on the basis of social deixis focusing on subject honorific. Speaking in detail, we examine the distributions of ‘kkeyse’, the factors which govern these distributions, the effects of these factors on the grammar of ‘kkeyse’ and the reason why these effects appear. In 4.3, we suggest the factors which engage in occurrence of nominative markers in subject and the interactions of these factors as discussed above. Chapter 5 is discussion of non-nominative markers in subjects ‘eykey’, ‘(i)se’, ‘eyse’, ‘(u)rose’. In this chapter, the subjecthood test of non-nominative subjects, the restrictions of distributions which non-nominative subjects have, the characteristics of non-nominative subjects constructions and the principles which govern occurrences of non-nominative markers in subject are mainly discussed. 5.1 is the discussion about ‘eykye’ of dative subject. The types and characteristics of dative subject constructions, the subjecthood test of dative subject is discussed. Furthermore we examine non-canonical dative subject constructions, which are not made reference to so far and thereby examine occurrence of dative marker in subject and the functions of dative subject. In 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4, we argue ‘ise’ which is the grammatical marker of ‘the number of participants’ subject, ‘eyse’ which is the case marker of ‘organization’ subject and ‘(u)rose’ which is the case marker of ‘status’ subject respectively. These verses have discussions about the subjecthood test of these non-nominative subjects and the conditions of occurrence of these non-nominative markers in subject etc. in common. Finally in 5.5 we argue general characteristics of non-nominative subjects and suggest the factors which is engaged in occurrence of non-nominative markers in subject and the interactions of these factors as discussed above.
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