This study aims to reveal the differences between the aspects of politeness depending on the context of situation that appears in official discourse on business e-mail requests of native Korean Native Speakers(KNS) and Korean Learners with Chinese bac...
This study aims to reveal the differences between the aspects of politeness depending on the context of situation that appears in official discourse on business e-mail requests of native Korean Native Speakers(KNS) and Korean Learners with Chinese background(CKL). In a business context where considerations of a situation are essential, the study verified the necessities of ‘the understanding of contextual factors needed for e-mail writing training’ and ‘the awareness of the politeness in the situation’. The politeness strategy education through the request acts plan was also reviewed. For this purpose, the DCT(Discourse Completion Test) was conducted targeting 40 KNS in the workforce and 40 CKL who wish to work in Korean enterprises. The DCT survey consisted of 12 contexts of situations that e-mails were to be written accordingly, which were then evaluated by 5-point scale per politeness of each situation. Through a total collection of 960 e-mail discourses, the realization of politeness was examined.
In chapter 1, it presents the need and purpose of this study, and also suggests the problem to be solved by this research. Chapter 2 looks at the concepts and the schemes of Korean language in business among Korean education for specific purpose that is theoretical background of this study as well as ‘politeness’ and ‘polite expression’. In addition, the specific strategies and the concepts of ‘request acts’ that are the core of this study are also analyzed. From the design of the study to the first and the second preliminary results, as well as the methods of experiments and analysis are explained in chapter 3. Chapter 4 analyses the DCT, which assessed the aspects to realize politeness in the business situations. The politeness of KNS and CKL were compared in contextual and variable factors. Then, the aspects of politeness realization through the actual use of the request acts were contrasted again in contextual and variable factors. The implications and the results of this study are suggested in chapter 5.
It was found in this study that there is a difference in recognition on aspects of politeness between KNS and CKL. CKL were showing either too low or excessive degree of politeness than KNS in some situations. The difference in recognition of politeness is due to the variation between KNS and CKL in identifying the factors constituted in the business situations. KNS were most sensitive to the factor ‘R(rate of imposition)’, and CKL were most sensitive to the factor ‘P(power)’. In contrast, KNS were not mostly influenced by the factor ‘D(distance)’, while CKL were not significantly affected by the factor ‘R(rate of imposition)’. The request acts strategies were also used differently by both groups. CKL were only using limited strategies from the request acts.
CKL showed the difference in the use of speech acts strategies when the politeness gap is huge and the situation of politeness recognition is similar to KNS. In particular, given the high politeness for specific situations, KNS used a variety of strategies selectively to express politeness, whereas, CKL were not able to use a variety of strategies to express politeness but repeatedly used partial request acts strategies only.
Based on these results, understanding the degree of politeness and those factors that are creating the circumstances, which are to be portrayed in a business formal context, are required for a professional e-mail communication for foreigners entering the Korean workforce. It has also confirmed that there are still needs for the education about strategies on politeness that are being used by KNS in the context of the actual situation.
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