The interest on the topic of Ethnic Koreans (Koryeoin) has been shown by Korean society since the 24thOlympic Game s in 1998. At thattime, Koryeoins residing in the former Soviet Union area were the community that has been forgotten in Korean society....
The interest on the topic of Ethnic Koreans (Koryeoin) has been shown by Korean society since the 24thOlympic Game s in 1998. At thattime, Koryeoins residing in the former Soviet Union area were the community that has been forgotten in Korean society. However, after holding the Olympic Games in the Republic of Korera, Koryeoins have been newly recognized and the policy for Koryeoins has been established. The immigration policylaunched in 2007 and has led to the growth in number of Koryeoins residing in Korea. In 2013, the amendment of the law on supporting legal sojourn for Koryeoins has been made. Indeed, Korean government has implemented the policies related to legal sojourn of Koryeoins before, and now the enforcement of “the law for Koryeoins” is developing into a wider range of policies.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Korean policy for Overseas Koreans residing in South Korea. The data has been collected through online surveys and interviews of 110 Koryeoins residing in Korea since 2004. The level of awareness, satisfaction and participation toward the selected four programs have been explored for effectiveness: “Korean Immigration and Social Integration Program”, “1345 Immigration Contact Center”, Gwangju “Koryeoin maeul” support center and Ansan “Neomeo” Koryeoin support community. The level of awareness and satisfaction on the programs, and the difference has been analyzed according to the place of residence, sojourn status and period. Descriptive Analysis and MANOVA have been used, and Cross Tabulation Analysis was carried out in order to compare the participation decision.
The results of the study show that Koryeoins residing in the Republic of Korea have a low level of awareness about Korean policies. The level of awareness on the programs shows a significant difference in “1345 Immigration Contact Center”, Ansan “Neomeo” Koryeoin support community and Gwangju “Koryeoin maeul” support center according to the sojourn status. Moreover, there is a meaningful difference in satisfaction level of Ansan “Neomeo” Koryeoin support community and Gwangju “Koryeoin maeul” support center.
Otherwise, the level of awareness on the programs is shown only on Ansan “Neomeo” Koryeoin support community according to the place of residence; however, there is no difference in the level of satisfaction.
According to the sojourn period, no difference is shown; still there is a significant difference in the level of satisfaction on Ansan “Neomeo” Koryeoin support community and Gwangju “Koryeoin maeul” support center. Depending on the level of Korean language there is a difference in possession information of program “1345 Immigration Contact Center”
In the case of participation decision, a difference is shown in “Korean Immigration and Social Integration Program” and Gwangju “Koryeoin maeul” support center according to the period of sojourn. There is a difference in “1345 Immigration Contact Center” and Gwangju “Koryeoin maeul” support center according to the place of residence; however, no difference is shown in participation decision according to the period of sojourn. According to their proficiency the use of the “1345 Immigration Contact Center” showed the difference.
Based on the survey awareness to the policies for Koryeoin has showed low. This result has been caused by the ways of life and the mindset of Koryeoin themselves. This means one of the purposes of their entry to Korea is to get a job. One can presume that they have no time to consider the Koryeoin policies owing to their 8- to 12-hour hard work in a factory. It is no exaggeration to say that their major concern lies in their legal sojourn. This is evidenced by the highest awareness and participation about the counselling program of legal sojourn in the 1345 Immigration Center service given in Russian language among the four programs.
In addition they are in recognition of foreign policies first rather than Koryeoin policies and are consistently seeking programs for foreign people.
Based on the results of the study, Koryeoin policies need to be promoted to increase the effectiveness of Koryeoin policies. Moreover, it can be argued that the government and Koryeoin communities should cooperate in order to increase the level of awareness on policies. Subsequently, as Koryeoins residing in South Korea have different periods of sojourn, there is a need to develop more policies for Koryeoins. Specifically, the policies on simplifying the terms of obtaining permanent residence, medical insurance, aid for childcare and other social security programs are crucial and needs further development.
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