A Comparative Study of Korean and Chinese Demonstratives: Focusing on ‘yi, geu, jeo’ and ‘zhe, na’
The purpose of this study is verifying the use pattern and corresponding relation of ‘이(yi), 그(geu), 저(jeo)’, the deictic terms i...
A Comparative Study of Korean and Chinese Demonstratives: Focusing on ‘yi, geu, jeo’ and ‘zhe, na’
The purpose of this study is verifying the use pattern and corresponding relation of ‘이(yi), 그(geu), 저(jeo)’, the deictic terms in Korean language, and ‘这(zhe), 那(na)’, the deictic term in Chinese language, by comparing and analyzing the system and function of those.
First, the ternary system of ‘이(yi), 그(geu), 저(jeo)’ in Korean language and the dual system of ‘这(zhe), 那(na)’ in Chinese language are compared and explained. The basic functions and various special functions of deictic terms are also explored by sample sentences.
In Chapter 1, the purpose, object and method of this study are introduced. The issues found in existing studies are also suggested.
In Chapter 2, the deictic term systems in Korean language and Chinese language are compared and analyzed. The deictic term system in Korean language is person-oriented while the deictic term system in Chinese language is distance-oriented. Therefore, a Korean language speaker is primary-deixis-oriented and the speaker calls a thing nearer to the speaker as ‘이(yi)’. On the other hand, a Korean language listener is secondary-deixis-oriented and the listener calls a thing nearer to the listener as ‘그(geu)’. A thing which is far from both the speaker and the listener is called ‘저(jeo)’ in Korean language. In Chinese language, a listener is not deixis-oriented but a speaker is deixis-oriented. A Chinese language speaker calls a thing near to the speaker as ‘这(zhe)’ and calls a thing far from the speaker as ‘那(na)’.
In Chapter 3, the basic functions, in other words, the three functions of onsite deixis, thought deixis and context deixis in Korean language and Chinese language are compared and analyzed. In onsite deixis function, Korean language ‘그(geu)’ sometimes corresponds to Chinese language ‘那(na)’, or, sometimes ‘그(geu)’ corresponds to Chinese language ‘这(zhe)’. In the functions of thought deixis and context deixis, Korean language ‘저(jeo)’ should not be used.
In Chapter 4, special functions of deictic terms are compared and analyzed. The Korean language deictic terms ‘이(yi), 그(geu), 저(jeo)’ and the Chinese language deictic terms ‘这(zhe), 那(na)’ are used as discourse markers, which keeps a discourse natural. Korean language ‘저(jeo ), 저기(jeogi)’ and Chinese language ‘那个(nage)’ can be also used as discourse markers to attract attention. The deictic expressions related to the Korean language deixis ‘그(geu)’ are very actively used as interjections. On the other hand, Chinese language deictic terms rarely have interjection function. The Korean language deictic expression ‘그렇다(geureta)’ and Chinese language deictic pronoun ‘那个(nage)’ are sometimes used as euphemistic expression. At this time, they are always used together with the discourse marker ‘좀(jom)’. The Korea language ‘이렇게(yireke), 그렇게(geureke), 저렇게(jeoreke)’ and Chinese language ‘这么(zheme), 那么(name)’ can be used to express the degree or the extent of something by modifying other vocabularies with extent nature.
In the last Chapter 5, the result of comparison and analysis of deictic terms in Korean language and Chinese language are summarized. The limitations of this study and future required complementation are also suggested.
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