Purpose : The purpose of this study is to measure average values of formants F1, F2 from 7 Korean monophthongs /i/, /e/, /a/, /?/, /o/, /u/, /?/ produced by Korean families’children, their mothers and multi-cultural(Vietnamese) families’children, ...
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to measure average values of formants F1, F2 from 7 Korean monophthongs /i/, /e/, /a/, /?/, /o/, /u/, /?/ produced by Korean families’children, their mothers and multi-cultural(Vietnamese) families’children, their mothers, and then to examine whether there is any difference in Euclidean distance between /i-a-u/ vowels, vowel triangular area and F2-ratio between two groups.
Methods : The number and age-range of participants in this study are the following.
Korean group
number
age-range
children
30 (12 boys, 18 girls)
6 - 10
their mothers 30
32 - 38
Vietnamese group
number
age-range
children
30 (12 boys, 18 girls)
6 - 10
their mothers 30
27 - 33
All the participants have no impairments in articulation, phoneme, recognition and auditory ability. All the group members are selected under the same condition on gender and area (North Chungcheong Province).
The objects of recording are 7 Korean single vowels, and they are analyzed by Praat Program. Parameters in this study are Euclidean distance, vowel triangular area, and F2-ratio.
Result & Conclusion : The results of this study are the following.
First, in case of children, the average values of formants F1 and F2 between two groups, Euclidean distance between /i-a-u/ vowels, vowel triangular area, and F2-ratio have no significant differences.
Second, in case of mothers, the average values of F1 /i/, /o/, /u/ and F2 /a/, /?/, /o/, /u/, Euclidean distance /i-a/, /a-u/ and F2-ratio have significant differences, which means that Vietnamese mothers, in the phonation of some vowels, put tongue lower and make aperture higher than Korean mothers, and they spread lip by moving tongue backwards.
In conclusion, the establishment of children vowel system seems to be uninfluenced by mother. Meanwhile, Vietnamese mothers are partially influenced by the their mother tongue.
Keyword: Korean monophthongs, F1, F2, Euclidean distance, Vowel triangular area(VTA), F2-ratio
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