The purpose of this study was to develop a plan for Korean culture education using classical shijo, believing that classical shijo among the classical literary works of Korea could be used effectively in Korean culture education for advanced-level lea...
The purpose of this study was to develop a plan for Korean culture education using classical shijo, believing that classical shijo among the classical literary works of Korea could be used effectively in Korean culture education for advanced-level learners with a general goal.
The necessity of culture education is regarded as important in the education of Korean as a foreign language. To get mutual cultural competence for the target culture as well as practical communicative competence and understand even the implied cultural meanings, it is particularly necessary to understand idea culture in the background.
In this study, classical shijo among the categories of classical literature was selected as a material for culture education for the following reasons: First, classical shijo as lyrics is in the form of verse, which contains a musical element, rhythm. It is less likely to make learners feel a psychological burden than classical prose since it is generally short and allows them to feel a sense of rhythm. Second, classical shijo primarily aims to deliver emotions or feelings of a poetic speaker faced with a specific situation rather than to describe the situation in detail. It can therefore help foreign learners understand the work despite somewhat poor linguistic competence. Third, shijo is the only cultural heritage that has been handed down for about 500 years throughout the Joseon Dynasty. The culture education activity of composing shijo, a genre characterized by such continuity, can also have significant meanings in terms of culture education.
Among lots of classical shijo works, those of Jin-i Hwang and Mae-chang Lee, who are female poets in the middle and late periods of the Joseon Dynasty, respectively, were reviewed both because these works have interesting contents with the theme of 'love' anyone can empathize with and because both of the female poets represent classical verse of Korea and can help understand culture, including Korean classical women's emotions. As female poets that represent classical shijo, they have things in common with, and different from, each other and give chances for comparative appreciation.
This study has the following composition: Chapter 2 focuses on effectiveness of culture education using classical literature as well as on the educational value of literature education in culture education. The theoretical background for using literary texts in reading education is reviewed.
In Chapter 3, the aspects of literary works in Korean language textbooks for four colleges are reviewed. The portion of classical literature among the literary works in the textbooks differs among the colleges and there is no criterion for containing classical literature. It is primarily contained at moderate or higher levels and the genres of classical literature have different distributions among the colleges.
In Chapter 4, the works and poets of classical shijo in this study are presented, the selection criteria are reviewed, and the characteristics of female poets in the middle and late periods of the Joseon Dynasty, including Hwang and Lee, are reviewed in two categories: ladies' literature and kisaengs' literature. The elements of Korean culture found in the shijo works―A Long Night of the Winter Solstice's Month and When Pear Flowers Sprinkle―are analyzed.
In Chapter 5, the shijo works that imply their life and values are used to present a practical teaching plan. The teaching plan based on shijo works is developed to provide positive learner-centered instruction based on learners' autonomous appreciation by applying Rosenblatt's theory of response-based literature education. In addition, a field learning plan is presented for more practical culture education.
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