ABSTRACT
Relationship among Depression, Fatigue
and Resourcefulness of Cancer Patient
Kim, Hyo Soo
Dept. of Hospice Nursing
The Graduate School of
Information in Clinical Nursing
Hanyang University
Direct by Prof. Kim, Jung A
The purpose of this study was to identify the level of depression, fatigue, and resourcefulness of cancer patient and to investigate the association among these three variables in cancer patient.
This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study. The study included a total 103 cancer patient participants. The convenience-sampling method was used. The participants were recruited from three general hospitals in Seoul and Kyunggi Province. Three instruments were used in the collection of the data: (i) the depression subscale of the Korean version of the Profile of Mood States Brief Form (K-POMS-B); (ii) the fatigue subscale of K-POMS-B; (iii) the resourcefulness scale. The Profile of Mood States Brief Form (POMS-B) developed by McNair, Lorr and Droppleman (1992), which is widely used to measure six mood factors or affective states: tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, and confusion. The six subscales are also combined to provide an overall total mood disturbance score, which denotes an overall assessment of emotional state. In this study, the Korean version of the POMS-B, which was translated into Korean by Yeun and Shin-Park(2006), was used. For the measurement of Resourcefulness, the instrument that was translated and modified by Suh(1996) from Self Control Schedule developed by Rosenbaum(1980) also was used in this study.
The data collection survey was conducted from May to June in 2012. The software program, SAS Enterprise 4.0, was used for the data analysis.
The major research findings were as follows:
1. The mean age of participants was 57.7±14.4 years.
Approximately 45.6% of the participants were male and 54.4%
were female. Majority of the participants (72.8%) were married,
and more than half (65.0%) were higher than high school
graduate. More than half (61.0%) had a religion.
2. Approximately 23.3% of the participants were gastrointestinal
cancer patient; 17.4% were colon cancer patients; 12.6% were
breast cancer patient. About half of the participants (48.5%) had
experienced some changes in their employment status after being
diagnosed with cancer; 49.5% ed some activity restrictions
from cancer or cancer treatments. More than half participants
(64.1%) had suffered from tension; 62.1% had suffered from pain;
58.2% had suffered from dry mouth.
3. The mean score of depression was 7.22±2.89, while the mean
score of fatigue was 4.86±5.07 and that of resourcefulness was
30.1±30.8.
4. There were no significant differences in depression, fatigue and
resourcefulness by general characteristics of participants.
5. There were significant differences in depression according to
pain (F=3.64, p=.016), tension (F=8.67, p<.001), nausea (F=5.75,
p<.001), constipation (F=6.15, p<.001), hot flush (F=2.85, p.041),
bowel incontinence (F=6.39, p<.001), urine incontinence (F=5.33,
p=.002) and insomnia (F=5.21, p=.002).
6. There were significant differences in fatigue according to
breathing difficulty (F=5.01, p=.003), pain (F=9.75, p<.001),
tension (F=7.68, p<.001), nausea (F=4.41, p=.006), constipation
(F=8.31, p<.001), hot flush (F=6.70, p<.001), bowel
incontinence(F=7.65, p<.001), urine incontinence (F=9.28, p<.001),
mouth dryness (F=4.71, p=.004), and insomnia (F=10.1, p<.001).
7. There was significant difference in resourcefulness according to
hot flush (F=3.05, p<.032).
8. There was a significant positive correlation between depression
and fatigue(r=0.738 p<.001), while the correlation between
depression and resourcefulness(r=0.056, p=.572), and between
fatigue and resourcefulness(r=0.090 p=.364) were not significant.
Depression and fatigue can affect a cancer patient’s likelihood of survival, treatment outcomes, and quality of life. In this study, depression and fatigue of cancer patient were positively correlated with each other and there were significant differences in depression and fatigue of cancer patients according to the physical symptoms that cancer patients experienced. Based on the results of this study, an exploration of strategies to prevent the physiological symptoms and to improve the symptoms will be necessary in order to decrease their rate of death and to improve the quality of life. Further research to investigate the relationship between emotional and physical status and resourcefulness in cancer patients will be required.
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