This thesis investigates differences between ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ the connective endings that represent reason-cause, in the education of Korean, in which they are actually treated as the same endings despite t...
This thesis investigates differences between ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ the connective endings that represent reason-cause, in the education of Korean, in which they are actually treated as the same endings despite their morphological differences. ‘-k’a(-까)’ in ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ is treated as a redundant element, which can be analyzed as ‘-t-’(-ㅅ-) and ‘-ka’(-가). The meaning of ‘-t-’(-ㅅ-) is the identification of the hearer about the preceding linguistic expression, while ‘-ka’(-가) does not complete the preceding linguistic expression but connects the next expression.
I try to analyze such differences between ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ as morphological ones, and examines further differences between them through the possibility of combination with pre-final endings and with delimiters.
The results of this study are as follows.
Chapter 1 explores some appropriate methodology for this study and presents the necessity and purpose of this study by examining previous studies in order to investigate the semantic differences between ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ on the basis of their morphological differences.
Chapter 2 retrieves entries of the Standard Korean Dictionary and selects objects to be examined. As a result, I selects as the objects for the analysis of ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ the non-combined forms ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ni(-니)’, the pre-final ending combined forms ‘-kəni(-거니),’ ‘-nɨni(-느니),’ and ‘-təni(-더니)’, and the undefined forms ‘-ɨrjəni(-으려니)’ and ‘-rjəni(-려니)’ Having investigated the examples from the dictionary, I have found out that ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ is a connective ending with a strong function of presenting a simple fact while ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ is another one that has a strong pragmatic function with the added function of hearer identification in the relationship with the hearer.
Chapter 3 tries to explicate the differences between ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ as connective endings. As a result of examining the examples from the dictionary to determine whether they can be combined with such pre-final endings as ‘-ət-(-었-),’ ‘-ket-(-겠-),’ ‘-kə-(-거-),’ ‘-nɨ-(-느-),’ and ‘-tə-(-더-),’ it has been found out that the first two prefinal endings are possible to combine with either of them, while the other three can be combined with only ‘-ɨni(-으니).’ Also, as a result of investigating whether they can be combined with such delimiters as ‘-man(-만),’ ‘-to(-도)’, ‘-ja(-야),’ ‘-ɨn(-은),’ and ‘-mankʰɨm(-만큼),’ I have realized that ‘-man(만)’ and ‘-mankʰɨm(만큼)’ can be combined with ‘-ɨni(으니)’ but ‘-nɨn(-는)’ with ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까).’ That is to say, it can be said that ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ not only are different in form but also have different meanings as shown by the fact that they are different in the combinability with pre-final endings and delimiters.
Chapter 4 analyzes 6 textbooks in order to investigate how ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ are taught to learners in the education of Korean. The investigated grammatical items include ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까),’ and ‘-kəni(-거니),’ ‘-təni(-더니),’ ‘-nɨni(-느니),’ and ‘-ɨni -ɨni(-으니 -으니),’ combined with pre-final endings ‘-kə-(-거-),’ ‘-nɨ-(-느-),’ and ‘-tə-(-더-)’ respectively. As a result, I have found out that ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까),’ rather than ‘-ɨni(-으니),’ is addressed as a connective ending of reason-cause in at the elementary stage in the education of Korean while those forms combined with pre-final endings are dealt with at and over the middle stage. However, it should be noted that there is no recognition of the problem of ‘-ɨni(-으니),’ rather than ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까),’ being combined with pre-final endings even though they are understood as the same endings in the education of Korean.
Chapter 5 re-emphasizes the fact that ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ are different connective endings, and recapitulate the thesis.
This study is significant in that it does not treat ‘-k’a(-까)’ in ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’as redundant and clearly indicate the differences between ‘-ɨni(-으니)’ and ‘-ɨnik’a(-으니까)’ by investigating the examples from individual dictionaries based on the possibility for them to be combined with pre-final endings and delimiters.
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