Since Chomsky developed the theory of Goverment and Binding, many researchers in second language acquisition have tried to investigate whether the second language learners have access to Universial Grammar. The purpose of the study is to examine L2 learner's accessibility to Universial Grammar, which consists of a set of principles and parameters which apply to all language. All languages are shown to have two parameter settings related to subject. Korean is a pro-drop language which allows the null subject, while English is a non-pro-drop language which doesn't allow the null subject.
This study has two the purposes. First, it is to consider how second language learners build the grammar of second language, especially in relation to the pro-drop parameter. Second, Korean learners will not judge the requirement in English that subject must not be null. And so will the reverse.(-English learners will think that subject in Korean discourse must exist.)
For this study, 38 Korean speakers learning English as L2 and conversely 20 English native speakers learners learning Korean as L2 has been tested to examine the way in which the learners were sensitive to L1 and L2 parameters of pro-drop.
The results from the test indicate that the grammar of their first language has more influence on the lower grade. But that-trace filter test didn't show the proper results because of the structural difficulties. As the learners' proficiency increases, they were able to reset the parameter to the L2 value. It has been observed that English native speakers preferred [/subject structures] to [-subject structures]. To Korean speaking learners, the reverse was true.
It is concluded that the subject's performance is governed initially by language transfer. And most of all in order to obtain a better understanding of L2 learners, it is very important and necessary to have a knowledge of interlanguage.
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