Since the 20th century B.C., the Southwest Asia has produced bloomery iron through low temperature reduction process and manufactured forged ironware with the iron. Soon this iron manufacturing technology was passed down to East Asia; in China, cast i... Since the 20th century B.C., the Southwest Asia has produced bloomery iron through low temperature reduction process and manufactured forged ironware with the iron. Soon this iron manufacturing technology was passed down to East Asia; in China, cast ironware has been produced since the 8th century B.C., based on already developed bronze casting technology. The cast ironware made by the technology was handed to the Korean peninsula and Japan, developing unique cast ironware culture of East Asia. Production and distribution of ironware stands out as a factor of social change such as in improving productivity and various researchers have studied ironware. In regard of many type series of the ironware made by archaeological methods, it is not clear whether the certain ironware had been produced in overseas and imported to the Korean peninsula or made in the peninsula. The biggest reason why it is hard to figure out when the Korean peninsula started to produce ironware by itself is because researches on iron manufacturing technology are still in a beginning stage. Although archaeology, conservation science, metallurgy and other areas had tried to interpret iron manufacturing technology based on analysis on materials related to iron manufacturing, no research to glance at introduction and development of iron manufacturing technology in the ancient Korean peninsula has been accomplished yet. Thus it is necessary to understand development of iron manufacturing technology in the central part of the ancient Korean peninsula by utilizing an interdisciplinary fusion research that interprets archaeological data and metallurgical analysis results based on understanding on iron manufacturing technology. Therefore this thesis organized and analyzed relics and artifacts found in iron manufacture ruins of each period and interpreted metallurgical analysis results of excavated relics on the basis of iron manufacturing technology with a purpose of studying iron manufacturing technology including tempering, smithing, melting and casting, and parching and refining technology that appeared in a schematic diagram of iron manufacturing process. As a result, it was found out that iron manufacturing technology of the ancient central part went through four stages of development process. In the first stage of iron manufacturing development, only tempering technology was developed and just production and repair of small ironware were conducted. In the second stage, refining technology appeared and this made production of various ironware with wrought iron possible and increased the number of ironware explosively. It is also assumed that refining technology to produce bloomery iron was at a beginning stage in this period. In the next stage, new refining technology and cast ironware producing technology were introduced. The new refining technology is found in only Mahan cultural area of southwestern Gyeonggi Province, as relics and artifacts related to iron manufacturing such as smelting hearth, pig iron ingots, large diameter blast pipes that did not appear before are showing up. In addition, a charcoal kiln with side window which produced fine charcoal appeared for the first time at this period. Although there are few settlement ruins whose forged ironware producing technology has been verified, they are spread in all parts of Jung-do cultural area. In settlement ruins of the area, evidences of reusing forged ironware are being found and burial of forged ironware is being done mainly in Mahan cultural area. Although new refining technology and forged ironware producing technology appeared around the same time, the latter is found out in Jung-do cultural area while the former is verified in Mahan cultural area. Finally, it the fourth stage, forged ironware is produced in an integrated steel mill like Seokjang-ri Historic Site in Jincheon. The biggest change representing the fourth stage is an appearance of parching and refining technology, and it seems like that parched ironware and parching and refining technology were brought from Nakrang area. Meanwhile, Iron age culture made a breakthrough because of the appearance and distribution of iron manufacturing technology mentioned above. In the first stage, there was huge difference between iron age culture of Mahan cultural area and Jung-do cultural area as autonomous production of iron and ironware became possible with the introduction of iron manufacturing technology, unlike before when relied on imported ironware. Also, burial of iron weapons in Mahan cultural area stands out. This thesis figured out appearance time of all iron manufacturing technologies and types of those possessed by settlement sites and classified iron manufacturing ruins at the third stage of iron manufacturing technology development into four types: an iron manufacturing base, an ironware manufacturing base, a local strategic point, and a settlement site for consumption. As a result, even ironware was distributed around an iron production base (the first area) in Mahan cultural area which had advanced iron manufacturing technology. Jung-do cultural area imported ironware or iron materials from Mahan cultural area or Hangoonhyun force and manufactured ironware in an ironware manufacturing base and a local strategic point. The manufactured ironware was found out to be used in surrounding settlement sites for consumption (the second area). Depending on possession level of the iron manufacturing technology, the size of settlement sites or residential area was changed and this was the background of development of ironware manufacturing base settlement to a big town of small countries. So far, it has been considered that highly advanced iron manufacturing technology motivated Baekje's growth. However, by examining the appearance of iron manufacturing technology and the period of iron manufacturing ruins, it was revealed out that Mahan cultural area rather ha
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