The purpose of this study is to clarify the discourse functions of compound form ‘V-kinun ha-’ as a hedge by analyzing it’s usage in practical language situation. Hedge is the linguistic device that plays a role in situational contexts with the... The purpose of this study is to clarify the discourse functions of compound form ‘V-kinun ha-’ as a hedge by analyzing it’s usage in practical language situation. Hedge is the linguistic device that plays a role in situational contexts with the speaker’s intention to delay decision or mitigate perfomativity of his utterance. Discussion in this article is mainly about finding the key to distinguish the usage of ‘V-kinun ha-’ and ‘V-kinun V’ in situational contexts. Focus will be on the following three points to discuss and clarify. Firstly, what are the characteristics of ‘V-kinun ha-’ as hedge? Secondly, what are the discourse functions of ‘V-kinun ha-’ and ‘V-kinun V’? Thirdly, what are the contextual factors that are involved in choosing between the utterance of ‘V-kinun ha-’ and ‘V-kinun V’? To clarify these points, the study has attempted quantitative analysis based on the examples extracted from 9.5 million syntactic words of the research corpus consisting of spoken texts and drama scripts in parallel with qualitative analysis of the aspects of ‘V-kinun ha-’ and ‘V-kinun V’ by analysing the contextual factors. As a result, following three points were clarified. Firstly, the compound form ‘V-kinun ha-’ has same grammatical status as ‘-kes kath-’ and ‘-su iss-’ in Korean language. These three forms indicate epistemic modality meaning such as ‘limitation, assumption, possibility’ and there was a difference in degrees of ambiguity which leads to distinctive situation in which the each form was used as hedges. Also, those strategies were analyzed not only in a layer of speech act but also in multi-dimensional contexts which are modes of discourse such as ‘Debates, Discussion and Lecture discourse’. Secondly, ‘V-kinun ha’ was mostly used as hedge, whereas ‘V-kinun V’ was mostly used as booster. Functions such as ‘Emphasis on Topic, Confirmation, Judgement’ were derived from the booster and each function accompanied by these communicative purposes which was to refute, to criticize, and to emphasize. Hedges, on the other hand, have performed strategic functions: Strategies of Reservation, Politeness and Implication. In addition to these results, ‘V-kinun ha-’ and ‘V-kinun V’ were also used as discourse marker. Thirdly, various contextual factors affected the speaker to use ‘V-kinun ha-’ and ‘V-kinun V’. According to statistics conducted in this research, the contextual factors that caused the speaker to make a significant difference in selecting ‘V-kinun ha-’ and ‘V-kinun V’ was found to be following 6 factors: discourse functions, status gap, intimacy relation, relation type, mode of discourse and formality of the utterance situation. In addition, this study proved that when a speaker used ‘V-kinun ha-’ in the utterance, it was affected by various contextual factors other than gender which was contrary to the results from previous research that pointed out women use more hedge than men. The present research expands upon the foundation to describe educational contents of hedges for Korean language education and provides an in-depth look at the process of hedges in relation to situational contexts. Findings of these investigations should be useful for developing Korean learners’ language fluency and interaction skills.
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