The purpose of this study is to multidirectionally observe the acquisition of tense and aspect for learners of Korean language with a focus on spoken language. Thus, this study analyzed the acquisition of tense and aspect found in spoken language of 5... The purpose of this study is to multidirectionally observe the acquisition of tense and aspect for learners of Korean language with a focus on spoken language. Thus, this study analyzed the acquisition of tense and aspect found in spoken language of 55 foreign learners of Korean language (novice, intermediate, and advanced). In addition, by collecting narrative discourses of 30 adult Koreans who spoke Korean perfectly and 24 elementary school students who are acquiring Korean language as a first language, this study aimed to analyze the similarity and differences in the acquisition of tense and aspect of Korean language between these groups. To this end, this study analyzed the colloquial narrative discourses for each group using film retelling through the ‘Alone and Hungry’ episode from Modern Times. With regard to Korean learners, this study considered the use of tense and aspect morphemes in spontaneous speech according to tense and aspect capability through a grammaticality judgment test. The analysis was performed as follows: First, this analyzed how the ability to enumerate events in chronological order and implicit reference function called a pragmatic device of temporal expressions were used in the interlanguage of learners of Korean language. Second, this examined how the vocabulary to express time such as temporal adverbs called a lexical device of temporal expressions was used in the interlanguage of leaners of Korean language. Third, this examined how tense and aspect morpheme called a morphological device of temporal expressions was used by testing the aspect hypotheses and discourse hypothesis in the interlanguage of learners of Korean language. The analytical results are as follows: First, learners of Korean language were good at constructing narrative discourses in general regardless of language proficiency, and this showed that the ability to enumerate events in chronological order as a pragmatic device of temporal expression was a cognitive domain. Moreover, the construction of narrative discourses in proportion to language proficiency was found only in scenes with complex temporal structure of event occurrence or with many characters. This examined the use of lexical devices for temporal expressions. As a result, learners of Korean language constructed narrative discourses more sophisticatedly using lexical devices with more various functions and forms with the improvement of language proficiency. Furthermore, the accuracy of the lexical device use of temporal expressions increased in proportion to language proficiency. The aspect hypothesis of Korean language learners' interlanguage was tested. According to the results, learners of Korean language acquired tense and aspect based on inherent lexical aspect of predicates at the early stage of the acquisition of aspect. In particular, they showed a tendency to combine past tense based on the qualifications of telicity and punctuality. Past tense was distributed to achievement verb, accomplishment verb, action verb, psycho-cognitive verb, and state verb, in that order. However, contrary to them, the Korean groups used tense and aspect less related to inherent lexical aspect. The validity of the discourse hypothesis was tested. As a result, learners of Korean language separated the foreground and background using tense and aspect morphemes with the improvement of aspect capability and language proficiency. The discourse hypothesis was valid in the acquisition of Korean language as a second language. However, differently from them, the Korean groups used tense and aspect based on pragmatic functions of tense using less past tense and more present tense in the foreground. In addition, this compared the acquisition of tense and aspect of Korean language as a first language and as a second language on the groups of adult learners of Korean language and Korean elementary school students with a focus on the ability to enumerate events in chronological order. According to the results, the group of elementary school students had lower ability to construct narrative discourses than the group of adult learners of Korean language despite the fact that they used tense and aspect morphemes perfectly and had delayed development of the capability to construct narrative discourses than the group of adult learners of Korean language. Based on these results, the tense and aspect acquisition of first and second languages varied according to differences in cognitive ability and prior knowledge. Furthermore, this considered the development of interlanguage in learners of Korean language through a grammaticality judgment test. According to the study results, the learners of Korean language showed different tense and aspect capability for each individual even though they belonged to the same group of language proficiency. However, all the learners of Korean language acquired the tense and aspect of Korean language through a series of steps with the improvement of language proficiency. Moreover, according to the analysis, tense and aspect were acquired at the same time, and aspect was acquired in proportion to language proficiency contrary to tense. Above these results, this discusses three educational implications as follows: First, tense and aspect education of Korean language should be provided using not only morphological devices of temporal expressions but also pragmatic and lexical devices. Second, educating the tense and aspect of the Korean language has to actively utilize the knowledge of the language learner's previously established temporality and the ability to express temporality. Third, there is a need to present tense and aspect education associated with inherent lexical aspect at the early stage of the aspect education of Korean language. Forth, the tense and aspect education of Korean language should be presented by phase according to its function. Finally, this described the significance and limitation of this study and presented the future research direction. ，韩语论文，韩语毕业论文 |
