The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of first, second, and revised editions of 『辭課指南(과지남)』 by analyzing their composition, content and changing patterns. The researches on Korean education during t... The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of first, second, and revised editions of 『辭課指南(과지남)』 by analyzing their composition, content and changing patterns. The researches on Korean education during the beginning period of modern times cannot be neglected to check the academic identity and uniqueness of Korean education as a foreign language since it was called the beginning of today's Korean education. The present study thus set out to analyze the content and composition of 『辭課指南(과지남)』, which was first published in 1894, and use the analysis results as basic data to examine the characteristics of Korean education during the beginning period of modern times. It thus analyzed the composition and changing patterns of its first, second, and revised editions and examined its correlations with 『한불전(韓佛字典)』(1880) and 『Termination of the 다』(1896), which dealt with the conjugated forms of predicate ‘다’ like their contemporary 『辭課指南(과지남)』, for their indexes and with 『한영뎐』(1897), which was a bilingual dictionary published by Gale at a similar time to 『辭課指南(과지남)』, for the headwords of ‘ㅎ’ line. The findings led to the following conclusions: 1. 『辭課指南(과지남)』 was a study material to reflect Gale's viewpoint of placing importance on colloquial pronunciation. In its first and second editions, the grammar part consisted of four lines with headwords arranged in each line according to spoken and written Korean. Given that the Korean scholars did not distinguish spoken and written Korean strictly, it is apparent that he not only knew differences between transcription and spoken words, but also realized that their separate presentation would make it easier to learn Korean. The second edition of 『辭課指南(과지남)』 contained the ‘ㆍ’ mark no longer and actively applied palatalization and monophthongization to its transcriptions, and those changes were attributed to the efforts to apply the colloquial pronunciation of the times to the study materials. 2. Unlike the previous studies, the revised edition of 『辭課指南(과지남)』 was not in a dual composition of "grammar part" and "example sentences part" like its first and second editions. The grounds include no visible distinction between the grammar and example sentences parts like in the first and second editions and the continuing title numbers of ‘O HUNDRED SENTENCES(FOR BEGINRS)’, ‘KOREAN PROVERBS’, ‘MISCELLAOUS SENTENCES’, and ‘COLLOQUIAL MOON-JA SENTENCES’ which were categorized as parts of example sentences part in the previous studies, to the conjugated headwords of predicate ‘다’. In addition, the study found that the example sentence numbers of grammar explanations in the revised edition matched those of example sentences part in the first and second editions in considerable percentages, thus providing another ground that the revised edition had no sentences that played the functions of example sentences part in the first and second editions. 3. The revised edition of 『辭課指南(과지남)』 shed off its nature as a grammar book in a dictionary format in some parts and increased the percentage of cultural education. Those changes were found in its "example sentences part," which faced huge changes in the structure and content from the first and second editions to the revised edition. Not only did the revised edition get rid of the dual structure of "grammar part" and "example sentences part," but it also assigned title numbers to the sentences that served as the example sentences part in the first and second editions. It also got rid of grammar annotations to the sentences in the example sentences part in the first and second editions. It deleted a considerable portion of sentences in the example sentences part that were kept intact until the second edition and replaced them with Korean proverbs and idioms originated in ancient events. Those changes were the outcomes of example sentences emphasizing the function of acquiring new information such as the Korean customs and superstitions rather than that of applying and learning the grammar. 4. 『辭課指南(과지남)』 was compared with 『한불전(韓佛字典)』(1880) and 『Termination of the 다』(1896), which were Korean study materials published at the same time as 『辭課指南(과지남)』 and dealt with the conjugated forms of predicate ‘다,’ for the indexes and with 『한영뎐』(1897), which was a bilingual dictionary published by Gale, for the headwords. The results indicate that 『辭課指南(과지남)』 consulted the indexes of 『한불전(韓佛字典)』. After comparing 『辭課指南(과지남)』 with 『한불전(韓佛字典)』 for the indexes, the investigator categorized the different indexes between them into spoken and written Korean and examined their percentage. It turned out that the indexes of 『辭課指南(과지남)』 added considerable headwords in the spoken Korean style not found in 『한불전(韓佛字典)』, which was in line with Gale's efforts to reflect the importance of colloquial pronunciation those days. The structures and characteristics of 『辭課指南(과지남)』 analyzed in the present study can offer useful data to compare 『辭課指南(과지남)』 with Gale's other publications for Korean study and with other study materials published during the same period. Furthermore, they will serve as basic data to analyze teaching materials for Korean study that were written during the modern Enlightenment period.
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