In this study, researched social supports for marriage-immigrant women, their attitude towards cultural adaptation, differences in their job-seeking needs, and the effects of those factors.
The goal of this study is to provide marriage-immigrant wome...
In this study, researched social supports for marriage-immigrant women, their attitude towards cultural adaptation, differences in their job-seeking needs, and the effects of those factors.
The goal of this study is to provide marriage-immigrant women with future job searching resources after figuring out how their attitude toward cultural adaptation in Korea and the social supports for them are affecting their job-seeking needs.
The survey was conducted with the help of Multi-Cultural Family Supports Center located in Jeonbuk province. The analyses were statistically performed by ‘SPSS 22.0 Program.’ ‘t-test’ and ‘ANOVA’ were used for the difference analyses, and ‘Scheffe’ for the post analysis. ‘Pearson's correlation analysis’ and ‘hierarchical regression analysis’ were used for assessing the effects.
The results are as follows.
Major factors induced by marriage-immigrant women's general background factors were appeared to be social supports, job-seeking needs, and cultural adaptation attitude in descending order. The sub-factors of the social supports appeared to be emotional supports, informative supports, material supports, and evaluative supports in descending order. The cultural adaptation attitude was dependent on integration type, marginalization type, assimilation type, and differentiation type in descending order. For the job-seeking needs, awareness of the social role was the first followed by self-concept, economic independence, family approval, and family financing in descending order.
The job-seeking needs of marriage-immigrant women were significantly dependent on the social supports and the cultural adaptation attitude. The empathic support, a sub-factor of the social supports, and the integration type, a sub-factor of the cultural adaptation attitude, were appeared to promote their job-seeking need. Their job-seeking need was not just for an economic reason but also for self-concept, social role, and family stability.
The social support varied significantly depending on ages and preferred job categories. It seemed as the social and institutional supports increased, marriage-immigrant women became more active in studying and job-seeking activities, which could be understood as they were acquiring supporting resources in close vicinity. This study showed the younger they were, the more social supports they had, which could be understood as people in their vicinity were giving out more help, thinking there should be insufficient time for them to adapt the Korean life style since they were young.
As they were more fluent in Korean, their attitude towards cultural adaptation was more dependent on integration type and assimilation type, which showed Korean language proficiency in Korean society is an important factor that enables the positive adaptation attitude. Marriage-immigrant women with limited Korean proficiency tended to show the differentiation type of the cultural adaptation. Those who more stuck to their homeland culture ended with diminished satisfaction for their living in Korea and even elevated depressions. Therefore, Korean proficiency of immigrant women is important both for job opportunities and cultural adaption.
The job-seeking need significantly depended on ages, marital periods, and education levels. The younger they were, the higher their job-seeking need was, which is due to the fact that international marriages have been often made by an economic reason. The job-seeking need was highest after 3?5 years of marriage in an effort to financially support family and to become economically independent. Such results seem to show an expression of their desire to have an income bank account with their name on it, to buy things with money they earned, and to be respected by their family members as they were gradually accustomed to the Korean life style. The job-seeking needs according to education levels significantly depended on sub-factors such as self-concept, family stability, and social role awareness. As their educational levels were higher, they tended to seek expertise office jobs, trusting in themself with the goal of life.
The job-seeking need was appeared to be affected by the number of their offsprings and the social support for them. The job-seeking needs according to education levels significantly depended on sub-factors such as self-concept, family stability, and social role recognition. As their educational levels were higher, they tended to seek expertise office jobs, trusting in themself with the goal of life. Furthermore, their high awareness of the social role resulted in job-seeking needs to realize their social capabilities. In contrast, marriage- immigrant women with lower educational levels seemed to want part time jobs unnecessary of any special skill or knowledge.
In summary, the major influential factors of the job-seeking need were the number of their offsprings and social supports, which means, in order to meet their job-seeking needs, their burden of raising a child/ children should be relieved somehow, and also people in their close vicinity should provide supports for them.
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