This study explained the possible selves of Korean old adults and examined the relationships of possible selves and life satisfaction and depression. 'Possible selves' are composed of 'hoped for selves' and 'feared selves', it means the image of futu...
This study explained the possible selves of Korean old adults and examined the relationships of possible selves and life satisfaction and depression. 'Possible selves' are composed of 'hoped for selves' and 'feared selves', it means the image of future self-concepts.
For explorating about the elements of Korean old adults' possible selves, one-to-one interview was performed. We conducted interviews simultaneously, the questionnaires for sense of control, modes of control, life satisfaction, and old depression were progressed.
By the results of both interview and questionnaires, The structural equation model analysis performed and showed good model fits. The relationship of Possible selves and life satisfaction and old depression were significantly mediated by possibles selves facilitating process(efficiency, outcome expectancy), the sense of control, modes of control. And the results of multi-group simultaneous analysis indicated that there were no differences between men and women elderly.
With consideration for the rapid aging composition change, the age group was divided young-old(65-74years) and old-old(more than 75). The subjects in this study were 269 old adults(259 old adults for categorization of Korean old adults possible selves) who were more than 65 years old and passed the test of cognitive functions(Short Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening: SMMSE-DS).
Throughout the process of contents categorization for interview, the new category was generated in the case of being mentioned more than 5 percent of the participants. On the contrary to this, the category was eliminated in the case of being mentioned less than 5 percent of the participants. The basic categories for exploration cited the study of Frazier, Johnson, Gonzalez & Kafka(2002). The results of contents categorization were arranged to the fifth place.
The results of contents categorization revealed that both young-old(65-74years) and old-old(more than 75) chose ‘health' and 'family' in the first and second hoped-for and feared selves. Next, between the two age groups had partial differences in their hoped-for and feared possible selves. Young-old(65-74years) showed the desire of leisere time(fourth place) and materials(fifth place). Relatively, old-old(more than 75) mentioned to death and independence/dependence issues more frequently. Third, Personal domain was put emphasis on both young-old(65-74years) and old-old(more than 75). Korean old adults hoped for 'pleasant, energetic, satistied with present, having mercy to others, confident' selves and feared 'disgraceful, pathetic, pity, lonely' selves.
The results of structure equation model analysis about research model showed 'relatively hoped-for selves( the number of hoped for selves - the number of feared selves)' went through the possibles selves facilitating process(efficiency, outcome expectancy) and positive modes of control. And high positive control modes was connected to high control and then to high life satisfaction and low depression. There were no significant differences in path coefficient between men and women.
This study is meaningful to propose categories and the structure equation model of the Korean possible selves(hoped-for selves and feared selves) in elderly for the first time.
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