The purpose of this research is to survey the changes of the self-esteem and self-expression of middle school students who experience ensemble activities of a student orchestra operated by the ministry and confirm the educational significance and posi...
The purpose of this research is to survey the changes of the self-esteem and self-expression of middle school students who experience ensemble activities of a student orchestra operated by the ministry and confirm the educational significance and positive influence of the student orchestra. In order to do so, middle school students that are starting activities in a student orchestra were the targets, and the changes in self-esteem and self-expression before and after the activities were examined and a single group was set as the subject of the prior·post inspection. The changes were to be identified by comparing the level of self-esteem and self-expression before and after the student orchestra activities.
The targets of this research are the members (1st year students) of a student orchestra in a middle school located in Chungcheong-do. March 2012, the time period when the research started, was set as the standard, and 5 schools, which were selected from 2011 amongst the middle schools where ensemble activities were available, were set as the targets. It consisted of a total of 78 members formed of 1st year middle school students who joined in 2012. A preliminary inspection was implemented before the students experienced the student orchestra, and post-inspection was conducted after completion of 6 months of the student orchestra activities.
In terms of the questionnaire, the research tool, the scale by Byeong Jae Cheon (1974), which is the Korean translated version of 'self-esteem scale' (Rosenberg, 1965) was utilized to measure self-esteem. Additionally, Kim Sung Hwe (1980)'s 'self-expression rating scale', the translated version of 'assertive behavior scale'(Rakos & Schroeder, 1980), was applied to measure the self-expression. SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science) for Window 18, a combined package program, was applied as the data processing method of the questionnaires, and a descriptive statistical analysis and matched pair sample t-test were conducted according to the research problem. The prior and post survey contents are identical, and in the post-survey, targets were asked to write a respond in the form of a open-ended question regarding the changes that they saw in themselves through the student orchestra activities.
The summary of the research result is as follows.
First, In terms of the level of self-esteem of middle school students who experienced the student orchestra As a result of conducting the matched pair sample t-test with the prior and post values, significant statistical difference was displayed between the prior and post conditions(p<.05).
Second, in terms of the self-expression in middle school students who experienced the student orchestra As a result of conducting the matched pair sample t-test with the prior and post result values, the difference between the prior and post conditions were displayed as statistically significant(p<.001).
As a result of having students give their response in an open-ended question form about the changes that they experienced through the student orchestra activities that took place during the post condition, amongst the overall responses, 82.98% of the students responded that they recognized changes in themselves and 17.02% responded that they did not sense any changes. Most responders stated that they recognized changes, and the opinions provided by students who claimed to have recognized changes were classified between musical changes, affective changes, and synthetic changes. The opinion of students who experienced musical changes can be distinguished between the increase in techniques of musical instruments, musicality, and musical knowledge. The responses related to the experience of affective changes can be distinguished between the increase of confidence, internal improvement, and personal relationships. The responses related to the experiencing synthetic changes, responses related to feelings of pleasure during the activities and those relevant to the increase in both musical knowledge and personal relationships.
According to the results, suggestions are to be made regarding the necessity of student orchestra activities and music education. Moreover, setting students in elementary school·middle school·high school as research targets and conducting researches which hold educational significance regarding the changes following characteristics per age group is needed. Furthermore, conducting periodical observation to perform a research about effects that cannot be confirmed through qualitative research is necessary.
Through this, development and expansion can take place in the student orchestra activities in addition to helping students understand the significance of music activities. This assists students to realize the necessity of instrumental music activities, and it is anticipated for students to attain attitudes to actively participate.
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