본 연구는 전산화단층촬영을 받는 환자를 대상으로 조영제 부작용과 검사 전의 불안을 알아보기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다.
연구대상자는 일 대학병원에서 조영제를 사용하여 전산화단층...
본 연구는 전산화단층촬영을 받는 환자를 대상으로 조영제 부작용과 검사 전의 불안을 알아보기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다.
연구대상자는 일 대학병원에서 조영제를 사용하여 전산화단층촬영 검사를 받는 외래 환자 135명이었다. 연구기간은 2011년 9월 19일부터 10월 21일까지 설문지와 진료기록지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 연구도구로 조영제 부작용을 조사하는 자각증상 설문지를 본 연구자가 개발하여 이용하였으며, 상태불안 측정도구로 Spielberger(1972)가 개발하여 김정택과 신동균(1978)이 한국어로 번안하여 표준화시킨 도구를 이용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 17.0 프로그램을 이용하여 연구목적에 따라 실수, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차를 구하였으며 변수의 특성에 따라 t-test 와 ANOVA, 사후 검증은 Scheffe's test를 이용하였다. 조영제 부작용과 불안과의 관계는 Pearson's correlation coefficient를 이용하였으며 신뢰도 검증을 위하여 Chronbach's alpha 값을 구하였다.
본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 조영제 부작용은 평균 3.3(±2.97)으로 1인당 평균 3.3개의 증상이 나타났다. 조영제 부작용의 자각증상이 하나도 없는 환자가 12.6%였으며, 2개의 증상을 호소한 자가 19.3%로 가장 많았다. 최고 19개의 조영제 부작용 증상을 호소한 경우도 1례 있었으며, 전체 135명의 환자에게서 443개의 증상이 나타났다
조영제 부작용의 기관별 발생순위는 전신 증상이 24.8%를 차지하여 1위였으며, 신경계 증상이 2위(21.0%), 소화기 증상이 3위(18.7%)의 순이었다. 증상별 발생 순위는 ‘화끈거리며 열감이 있다’가 1위(23%), ‘어지럽다’ 2위(12.2%), ‘불안감이 있다’ 3위(9.5%), ‘심장이 두근거린다’ 4위(8.8%), ‘속이 메스껍다’ 5위(7.2%)의 순이었다. ‘피부에 붉은 점이 나타난다’에 응답한 자는 한 례도 없었으며, 서술적 조사에서 ‘눈앞이 노랗다’ 1례, ‘전신에 힘이 빠진다’ 1례 가 있었다.
2. 불안은 평균 41.8(±10.11)점이었다.
3 .일반적 특성별 조영제 부작용은 연령에서 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 조영제 관련 특성별 조영제 부작용은 모든 항목에서 유의한 차이가 없었다.
4. 일반적 특성별 불안은 성별에서 여성이, 연령은 낮을수록, 주관적 경제상태가 낮을수록 불안이 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 조영제 관련 특성별 불안은 조영제 부작용에 대해 모르고 있는 자, 고혈압, 갑상선질환이 있는 자, 질병력 보유수가 많을수록 불안이 더 높았으며 통계적으로 유의한 수준이었다.
5. 조영제 부작용과 불안의 상관관계는 .136이었으나 유의하지는 않았다.
The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate adverse reactions to contrast media and anxiety in the patients who had undergone computed tomography. To achieve the purpose, this study was carried out with 135 outpatients who had enhanced com...
The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate adverse reactions to contrast media and anxiety in the patients who had undergone computed tomography. To achieve the purpose, this study was carried out with 135 outpatients who had enhanced computed tomography at one university hospital in Daegu city. The data used for this study were collected using questionnaires and medical records from September 19 to October 21, 2011. My own questionnaires developed to investigate subjective symptoms about adverse reactions to contrast medium were used as a tool for the study. In addition, anxiety in the patients undergoing computed tomography was measured using the tool that was developed by Spielberger and then translated into Korean language and standardized by Kim Jeong-taek and Sin Dong-gyun (1978). In order to analyse the collected data, the real number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were obtained using SPSS 17.0 for Windows, and t-test and ANOVA were conducted according to characteristics of variables. Also, Scheffe's test was used for post hoc test. Relations between adverse reactions to contrast media and anxiety in patients undergoing computed tomography were analysed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate reliability.
The results of this study are summarized as follows.
1. Adverse reactions to contrast media was 3.3 (±2.97) on average, and 3.3 symptoms averagely appeared in each patient. The patients with no any subjective symptom accounted for 12.6%, and the patients with 2 symptoms for 19.3% which was highest. In addition, there was the highest case of a patient that complained 19 symptoms of adverse reactions to contrast media.
When the occurrence ranking of adverse reactions to contrast media was investigated by individual organs, it was shown that systemic symptoms accounted for 24.8% which was the first rank. Neurologic symptoms accounting for 21.0% were the second rank and digestive symptoms for 18.7% were the third rank. The symptom-based occurrence ranking showed that burning sensation for 23% was the first rank, dizziness for 12.2% was the second, feeling of insecurity for 9.5% was the third, palpitation for 8.8% was the fourth, and nausea for 7.2% was the fifth. There was no any case of patient who answered the occurrence of red spots on skin. A descriptive survey showed that one case answered feeling of flashing things in front of eyes, and that one case responded feeling completely worn out and extremely tired.
2. The score of anxiety was 41.8 (±10.11) on average.
3. Adverse reactions to contrast media by general characteristics showed a significant difference in age, while there was no any remarkable difference in all items concerning adverse reactions by characteristics.
4. The degree of anxiety by general characteristics was higher in patients who were female, younger and lower in their subjective economic level. Having been statistically significant, the level of anxiety by characteristics relating to contrast media was higher when patients do not know adverse reactions to contrast media, when patients had hypertension and thyroid disease, and when patients have the history of more diseases.
5. The correlation between adverse reactions to contrast media and the degree of anxiety was 0.136, however, which was not significant.
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