There are the practical demands for more research concerning with Korean vocabulary. The present study was carried out to investigate whether a negotiation of meaning has effects on the acquisition of Korean vocabulary. This is the experimental study which examines specific categories: task performance, receptive vocabulary knowledge, and productive vocabulary knowledge. The primary research questions are as follows:
1. Does a negotiation of meaning affect the task comprehension?
2. Does a negotiation of meaning have a differential effect on the receptive vocabulary knowledge acquisition?
3. Does a negotiation of meaning have a significant effect on the productive vocabulary knowledge acquisition?
In order to answer these questions, experiments were conducted of a total 39 learners who are studying Korean at the language institute of an university as beginning level. They were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a group which only takes input, a group which produces the oral output after input, and a group which negotiates with native speakers. Participants were provided a drawing of a house and a picture of items, and then asked to identify the 10 target items and place them to the right location as native speaker's direction. The result of task performance and VKS were used as the evaluation tools. VKS was given again to investigate delayed effects in 3 weeks later. The collected data were analysed by MANOVA and ANOVA. The major results of the experiment were as follows:
First, the group of a negotiation of meaning showed more effective result than other two groups in task comprehension. Especially, the difference between negotiation of meaning group and input group was substantially great. This result might be come from properties that participants in negotiation group can get the information needed at an opportune moment.
Second, the group of a negotiation of meaning didn't a significant difference with other groups in the acquisition and retention of receptive vocabulary knowledge. It can be presumed the negotiation activity doesn't affect the receptive aspect of vocabulary knowledge.
Third, the group of a negotiations of meaning showed more effective result than others in the acquisition of productive vocabulary knowledge. this result may be because the negotiation group is able to understand the target words with more opportunity for utterance, therefore the acquisition of productive vocabulary knowledge was facilitated. On the other hand there were no significant differences in the retention of productive vocabulary knowledge.
In conclusion, a negotiation of meaning facilitates the task comprehension and the acquisition of productive vocabulary knowledge. The group of negotiation was efficient due to the great acquisition of target words despite of relatively short time in learning. Moreover, only participants in negotiation group corrected their mistaken vocabulary knowledge.
The present study aimed to examine the effect of a negotiation of meaning on the vocabulary knowledge and established that it affects positively the task comprehension and productive vocabulary knowledge. This study is expected to contribute to the diverse and lively discussion in Korean vocabulary education.
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