In this cross-sectional investigation, syntactic structures was compared in elicited speech task in 74 early(20's), middle(40's), and old(70's and older) adults, age 23 to 85 years. Each participant was asked to describe the 7 drawings. The participan...
In this cross-sectional investigation, syntactic structures was compared in elicited speech task in 74 early(20's), middle(40's), and old(70's and older) adults, age 23 to 85 years. Each participant was asked to describe the 7 drawings. The participants have to describe the each drawing by one sentence. The results showed greater syntactic complexity in the 20's group than the middle aged and the elderly. And they showed more syntactic errors in the elderly than the young and the middle aged groups.
Syntactic complexity was evaluated by the number of compound sentences. Every compound sentences were analyzed into implicative sentences and conjunctive sentences. There were significant differences by age group in most of implicative subordinate clauses - relative, nominal, adverbial and quotative. But there was no significant difference by sex in implicative clauses. There were significant differences by age groups in conjunctive clauses - successive, contrastive, causal, conditional. And there was no significant difference by sex in almost every conjunctive except conditional clauses. The elderly significantly made more errors than the young groups. Despite the statistically significant group effects, there were wide individual differences. It appears that individual variability can exist at all age groups. even the trend to less syntactic complexity as a function of getting older.
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