한국어 관형형 어미 '-는'과 '-은'에 각각 능동과 피동의 의미가 있음을 밝힘
한국어 관형형 어미 '-는'과 '-은'에 각각 능동과 피동의 의미가 있음을 밝힘
This thesis aims to show that Korean adnominal clause ending '-n□n' has a semantic function of the active voice and '-n/□n' has a semantic function of the passive voice□ Until now it has been said that an adnominal clause ending of Korean langua...
This thesis aims to show that Korean adnominal clause ending '-n□n' has a semantic function of the active voice and '-n/□n' has a semantic function of the passive voice□ Until now it has been said that an adnominal clause ending of Korean language has not only an adnominal function but also meanings such as the tense and the modality. That is, an adnominal clause ending makes a sentence into an adnominal clause and shows the information about the tense, aspect and modality of the embedded sentence. In addition to these, Korean adnominal clause endings, '-n□n' and '-n/□n' seem to have the meanings related with the active and passive voice.
The active meaning of '-n□n' and the passive meaning of '-n/□n' are revealed only in a special adnominal clause, specifically in 'N1{-□l, -r□l: case marker of objective} V{-n□n, -n/□n} N2' structure. If the agent and the patient are supposed to be removed in surface of an adnominal clause, the head noun modified by an adnominal clause can be interpreted into both meanings of the agent and the patient in the clause, because the adnominal clause can be presumed to have the empty places for the agent and the patient from a deep structure in itself. Detailedly, when '-n□n' is used as an adnominal ending, the head noun is fixed as the agent. Contrarily, when '-n/□n' is used, the head noun can be interpreted into both of the agent and the patient. This is because '-n□n' is related with the active voice and hinders the head noun from being the patient□ In the case of '-n/□n', the removed noun in an adnominal clause can be regarded as the agent because basically the essential property of a verb is [/active]. In addition, it is possible that the removed noun is regarded as the patient because '-n/□n' has the passive voice.
In the case of adnominal clauses made up with special verbs (for example, 't□p-(cover)', 'k`ak-(peel)', 'p□tk`i-(peel)', 's`iu-(cover)' and 'm□gi-(feed)') into 'N1{-□l, r□l} V{-n□n, -n/□n} N2' structure, we can see that the voice is derived from the adnominal endings, '-n□n' and '-n/□n'□ 't□p-(cover)', 'k`ak-(peel)', 'p□tk`i-(peel)', 's`iu-(cover)' and 'm□gi-(feed)' in Korean language are transitive verbs demanding three noun phrases as arguments including the agent and the patient□ Also, each of them can be classified into a respectable category by morpho-semantic criteria.
In addition, as I have tested samples, adnominal clauses made up with 't□p-(cover)', 'k`ak-(peel)', 'p□tk`i-(peel)', 's`iu-(cover)' and 'm□gi-(feed)' into 'N1{-□l, -r□l} V{-n□n, -n/□n} N2' structure from the wide corpus of Korean language, I could find out only few samples in which the head noun could be interpreted into the patient with the adnominal clause ending '-n□n'. From the results of this test it can be said that the speakers of Korean language recognize '-n□n' as the active voice and '-n/□n' as the passive voice.
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